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Attainment > AIM : At reference or see performance manual mrjt 1 figure 4 24 .with regard to the ?

Question 82-1 : The equivalent gross mass at engine failure is the actual gross mass corrected for oat higher than isa +10°c the increment represents fuel used before engine failure this gross mass accounts for the lower mach number at higher temperatures the increment accounts for the higher fuel flow at higher temperatures


The effects of an increased ambient air temperature beyond the flat rating cut ?

Question 82-2 : I decrease ii decrease i increase ii increase i decrease ii increase i increase ii decrease

.there are several parameters that determine the maximum thermodynamic output of a turbine engine these are the maximum turbine speed the maximum pressures it can contain and the maximum temperatures it's part can operate at too many rpm and fan blades fail too high of pressures things break too hot and they melt .turbines are often 'flat rated' with the operating parameters set well below the actual possible output of the engine this is very common in turboprops the engine may be capable of 750 hp but can be 'flat rated' at a much lower power perhaps 400 to 500 hp .this is normally done as a way to ensure that the engine can deliver the rated horse power under all conditions or to use the engine in an airframe not certified at the higher power rating .one of the key indications of power output is often the itt the inlet turbine temperature .a flat rated temp would mean that the engine may be capable of higher operating temperatures but in this installation the allowed temperature is limited to maintain the flat rating .thus if ambient air temperature increases beyond the flat rating cut off temperature you will reach the maximum performance of the airplane exemple 186 (i) decrease (ii) decrease.(i) decrease (ii) decrease.

The tangent from the origin to the power required against true airspeed curve ?

Question 82-3 : Maximum endurance minimum power maximum specific range critical angle of attack

. 1085.maximum endurance is reached at minimum drag speed vmd .vmd is the speed for minimum fuel consumption maximum endurance in a jet aircraft

In the drag versus tas curve for a jet aeroplane the speed for maximum range ?

Question 82-4 : The point of contact of the tangent from the origin to the drag curve the point of contact of the tangent from the origin to the parasite drag curve the point of contact of the tangent from the origin to the induced drag curve the point of intersection of the parasite drag curve and the induced drag curve

. 1078.'drag versus tas curve' is also called 'thrust required curve' or 'drag or thrust required against airspeed' .the speed for maximum range for a jet occurs at 1 32vmd exemple 194 the point of contact of the tangent from the origin to the drag curve.the point of contact of the tangent from the origin to the drag curve.

Which cruise system gives minimum fuel consumption during cruise between top of ?

Question 82-5 : Maximum range maximum endurance holding long range

Giulicor12 .vmd for a jet is the max endurance speed so gives the lowest drag and so the lowest fuel consumption isn't it..the question is talking about 'fuel consumption during cruise' the cruise is not carried out at maximum endurance speed but at maximum range speed passengers don't want to spend their time in flight maximum range speed gives you minimum fuel consumption for the cruise exemple 198 maximum range.maximum range.

A twin jet aeroplane is in cruise with one engine inoperative and has to ?

Question 82-6 : Of greatest lift to drag ratio giving the lowest cl/cd ratio giving the highest cd/cl ratio for long range cruise

exemple 202 of greatest lift-to-drag ratio.of greatest lift-to-drag ratio.

A four jet engine aeroplane mass = 150 000 kg is established on climb with all ?

Question 82-7 : 12 86% 1 286% 27% 7 86%

.calculation for the climb gradient.aircraft weight 1500000 n.all engines operating 4 x 75000 n = 300000 n..lift/drag = 14..drag = lift/14..drag = 1500000n / 14 = 107143 n..sin angle of climb = thrust drag / weight..sin angle of climb = 300000 107143 / 1500000..sin angle of climb = 0 128571..multiplicate by 100 for a result in percent 12 86% exemple 206 12.86%.12.86%.

The long range cruise speed is in relation to the speed for maximum range cruise ?

Question 82-8 : Higher lower depending on the oat and net mass depending on density altitude and mass

.long range cruise speed is 4% faster than maximum range speed long range cruise speed is speed of 99% best specific range .it is efficient to fly faster than maximum range speed when the whole cost of the operation is taken into account fuel leasing costs maintenance costs crew costs atc costs etc the shorter sector times achieved at the faster speed make the operation more efficient because it reduces overall costs exemple 210 higher.higher.

Field length is balanced when ?

Question 82-9 : Take off distance available equals accelerate stop distance available calculated v2 is less than 110% vmca and v1 all engine acceleration to v1 and braking distance for rejected take off are equal one engine acceleration from v1 to vlof plus flare distance between vlof and 35 feet are equal

exemple 214 take-off distance available equals accelerate stop distance available.take-off distance available equals accelerate stop distance available.

The second segment begins ?

Question 82-10 : When landing gear is fully retracted when flap retraction begins when flaps are selected up when acceleration starts from v2 to the speed for flap retraction

.the first segment starts at 'reference zero' and ends when the gear comes up .the second segment lasts until levelling off for flap retraction .the third segment ends when ready for the enroute climb it is usually a level burst at 400 ft during which acceleration is made to climb speed flaps are retracted and power is reduced to max continuous exemple 218 when landing gear is fully retracted.when landing gear is fully retracted.

An aeroplane operating under the 180 minutes etops rule may be up to ?

Question 82-11 : 180 minutes flying time from a suitable airport in still air with one engine inoperative 180 minutes flying time from a suitable airport under the prevailing weather condition with one engine inoperative 180 minutes flying time from suitable airport in still air at the normal cruising speed 90 minutes flying time from the first enroute airport and another 90 minutes from the second enroute airport in still air with one engine inoperative

exemple 222 180 minutes flying time from a suitable airport in still air, with one engine inoperative.180 minutes flying time from a suitable airport in still air, with one engine inoperative.

Etops flight is a twin engine jet aeroplane flight conducted over a route where ?

Question 82-12 : 60 minutes flying time in still air at the approved one engine out cruise speed 60 minutes flying time in still air at the normal cruising speed 30 minutes flying time at the normal cruising speed 75 minutes flying time at the approved one engine out cruise speed

exemple 226 60 minutes flying time in still air at the approved one engine out cruise speed.60 minutes flying time in still air at the approved one engine out cruise speed.

At reference or see performance manual mrjt 1 figure 4 24 .with regard to the ?

Question 82-13 : Because at this mass it takes about 3 minutes to decelerate to the optimum speed for drift down at the original cruising level all the curves start at the same point which is situated outside the chart because at this mass the engines slow down at a slower rate after failure there is still some thrust left during four minutes due to higher tas at this mass it takes more time to develop the optimal rate of descent because of the inertia involved

exemple 230 because at this mass it takes about 3 minutes to decelerate to the optimum speed for drift down at the original cruising level.because at this mass it takes about 3 minutes to decelerate to the optimum speed for drift down at the original cruising level.

At reference or see performance manual mrjt 1 figure 4 5 .with regard to the ?

Question 82-14 : The engines are pressure limited at lower temperature at higher temperatures they are temperature limited at higher temperatures the vmbe determines the climb limit mass at lower temperatures one has to take the danger of icing into account at higher temperatures the flat rated engines determines the climb limit mass

An engine is 'flat rated' at temperatures below isa +15°c approximately and temperature limited above that .when an engine is 'flat rated' it means that an engine of high horsepower rating is constrained to a lower horsepower rating exemple 234 the engines are pressure limited at lower temperature, at higher temperatures they are temperature limited.the engines are pressure limited at lower temperature, at higher temperatures they are temperature limited.

At reference or see performance manual mrjt 1 figure 4 5 .consider the take off ?

Question 82-15 : The climb limit performances are taken relative to the air the effect of the wind must be taken from another chart there is no effect of the wind on the climb angle relative to the ground there is a built in safety measure

There is no wind input to the graph the climb limited take off mass is an air gradient and therefore unaffected by wind exemple 238 the climb limit performances are taken relative to the air.the climb limit performances are taken relative to the air.

The first segment of the take off flight path ends ?

Question 82-16 : At completion of gear retraction at completion of flap retraction at reaching v2 at 35 ft above the runway

.the first segment starts at 'reference zero' and ends when the gear comes up .the second segment lasts until levelling off for flap retraction .the third segment ends when ready for the enroute climb it is usually a level burst at 400 ft during which acceleration is made to climb speed flaps are retracted and power is reduced to max continuous

If the climb speed schedule is changed from 280/ 74 to 290/ 74 the new ?

Question 82-17 : Lower higher unchanged only affected by the aeroplane gross mass

.the crossosver altitude is the altitude at which a specified cas and mach value represent the same tas value the curves for constant cas and constant mach intersect at this point above this altitude the mach number is used to reference speeds . 1081. typical climb profile exemple 246 lower.lower.

The optimum cruise altitude is ?

Question 82-18 : The pressure altitude at which the best specific range can be achieved the pressure altitude at which the fuel flow is a maximum the pressure altitude up to which a cabin altitude of 8000 ft can be maintained the pressure altitude at which the speed for high speed buffet as tas is a maximum

exemple 250 the pressure altitude at which the best specific range can be achieved.the pressure altitude at which the best specific range can be achieved.

Which of the following statements with regard to the optimum cruise altitude ?

Question 82-19 : An aeroplane sometimes flies above the optimum cruise altitude because atc normally does not allow to fly continuously at the optimum cruise altitude an aeroplane always flies below the optimum cruise altitude as otherwise mach buffet can occur an aeroplane always flies on the optimum cruise altitude because this is most attractive from an economy point of view an aeroplane usually flies above the optimum cruise altitude as this provides the largest specific range

exemple 254 an aeroplane sometimes flies above the optimum cruise altitude, because atc normally does not allow to fly continuously at the optimum cruise altitude.an aeroplane sometimes flies above the optimum cruise altitude, because atc normally does not allow to fly continuously at the optimum cruise altitude.

Which of the following statements is applicable to the acceleration height at ?

Question 82-20 : The maximum acceleration height depends on the maximum time take off thrust may be applied the minimum legally allowed acceleration height is at 1500 ft there is no requirement for minimum climb performance when flying at the acceleration height the minimum one engine out acceleration height must be maintained in case of all engines operating

Kaketoe .i am pretty sure that delta is also correct.please inform me if i'm wrong.. .by answer 'delta' we suppose you mean there is no requirement for minimum climb performance when flying at the acceleration height .in fact the question specifically states 'at the beginning of the 3rd climb segment' so we do not talk about the entire 3rd segment.we know that the minimum acceleration height can start at 400ft it's the beginning of the 3rd segment but his upper limit even if it's not a limit depends on the maximum time take off thrust may be applied and also on the time the aircraft takes to level off exemple 258 the maximum acceleration height depends on the maximum time take-off thrust may be applied.the maximum acceleration height depends on the maximum time take-off thrust may be applied.

Which statement regarding the influence of a runway down slope is correct for a ?

Question 82-21 : Reduces v1 and reduces take off distance required todr increases v1 and reduces the accelerate stop distance required asdr reduces v1 and increases the accelerate stop distance required asdr increases v1 and increases the take off distance required todr

.a downhill slope reduces the accelerate stop distance required taking off on a downhill slope does increase the braking distance in the case of a rejected take off but it also decreases the distance taken to accelerate to v1 due to the addition of the downhill component of the weight of the aircraft increasing the rate of acceleration exemple 262 reduces v1 and reduces take-off distance required (todr).reduces v1 and reduces take-off distance required (todr).

If the field length limited take off mass has been calculated using a balanced ?

Question 82-22 : A greater field length limited take off mass but with a lower v1 a greater field length limited take off mass but with a higher v1 the obstacle clearance limit to be increased with no effect on v1 the obstacle clearance limit to be increased with an higher v1

.the balanced field length is the shortest field length at which a balanced field takeoff can be performed a balanced field takeoff is a condition where the accelerate stop distance required asdr is equal to the takeoff distance required todr for the aircraft weight engine thrust aircraft configuration and runway condition.thus the use of any additional clearway in take off performance calculations may allow a greater field limited take off mass but the v1 will be lower because the extra take off mass means that more distance will be required to stop in the event of an aborted takeoff exemple 266 a greater field length limited take off mass but with a lower v1.a greater field length limited take off mass but with a lower v1.

Which of the following statements with regard to the actual acceleration height ?

Question 82-23 : The minimum value according to regulations is 400 ft a lower height than 400 ft is allowed in special circumstances e g noise abatement the minimum value according to regulations is 1000 ft there is no legal minimum value because this will be determined from case to case during the calculation of the net flight path

.the first segment starts at 'reference zero' and ends when the gear comes up .the second segment lasts until levelling off for flap retraction .the third segment ends when ready for the enroute climb it is usually a level burst at 400 ft during which acceleration is made to climb speed flaps are retracted and power is reduced to max continuous exemple 270 the minimum value according to regulations is 400 ft.the minimum value according to regulations is 400 ft.

According to eu ops 1 which one of the following statements concerning the ?

Question 82-24 : When determining the maximum allowable landing mass at destination 60% of the available landing runway length should be taken into account reverse thrust is one of the factors always taken into account when determining the landing distance required malfunctioning of an anti skid system has no effect on the required runway length the landing distance is the distance from 35 ft above the surface of the runway to the full stop

exemple 274 when determining the maximum allowable landing mass at destination, 60% of the available landing runway length should be taken into account.when determining the maximum allowable landing mass at destination, 60% of the available landing runway length should be taken into account.

Which one of the following statements concerning drift down is correct ?

Question 82-25 : When determining the obstacle clearance during drift down fuel dumping may be taken into account the drift down procedure requires a minimum obstacle clearance of 35 ft the drift down procedure requires a minimum descent angle after an engine failure at cruising altitude an engine failure at high cruising altitude will always result in a drift down because it is not permitted to fly the same altitude with one engine inoperative as with all engines operating

.in a multi engine aircraft losing power from one or more engines may require a descent due to aircraft weight and atmospheric conditions if a descent is required the most fuel efficient method is a driftdown .this would be done by first setting the engines to a prescribed power setting usually set to max continuous thrust mct on the remaining engine s .then achieving a computed 'driftdown' airspeed begin a descent to the best altitude for the aircraft on the engines that are remaining . 2519.the goal is to stay the longest time at high altitude to remain clear of obstacles and to burn the less fuel as possible for having the maximum chances to reach a suitable airport .fuel dumping may be taken into account exemple 278 when determining the obstacle clearance during drift-down, fuel dumping may be taken into account.when determining the obstacle clearance during drift-down, fuel dumping may be taken into account.

In accordance with cs25 the take off safety speed v2min for turbo propeller ?

Question 82-26 : 1 08 vsr 1 2 vsr 1 13 vsr vsr

Cs25 .v2min in terms of calibrated airspeed may not be less than. 1 1 13 vsr for. i two engined and threeengined turbo propeller powered aeroplanes and.. ii turbojet powered aeroplanes without provisions for obtaining a significant reduction in the one engine inoperative power on stall speed.. 2 1 08 vsr for. i turbo propeller powered aeroplanes with more than three engines and.. ii turbojet powered aeroplanes with provisions for obtaining a significant reduction in the one engine inoperative power on stall speed and.. 3 1 10 times vmc established under cs 25 149.vsr reference stall speed exemple 282 1.08 vsr.1.08 vsr.

The take off safety speed v2 for two engine or three engine turbo propeller ?

Question 82-27 : 1 13 vsr 1 25 vs 1 15 vs1 1 15 vsr

Cs25 .v2min in terms of calibrated airspeed may not be less than. 1 1 13 vsr for. i two engined and threeengined turbo propeller powered aeroplanes and.. ii turbojet powered aeroplanes without provisions for obtaining a significant reduction in the one engine inoperative power on stall speed.. 2 1 08 vsr for. i turbo propeller powered aeroplanes with more than three engines and.. ii turbojet powered aeroplanes with provisions for obtaining a significant reduction in the one engine inoperative power on stall speed and.. 3 1 10 times vmc established under cs 25 149.vsr reference stall speed exemple 286 1.13 vsr.1.13 vsr.

What is the minimum field length required for the worst wind situation landing ?

Question 82-28 : 3100 m 2700 m 2900 m 2600 m

. 1127.for minimum landing distance we use flaps 40° exemple 290 3100 m.3100 m.

The lowest point of the thrust required curve of a jet aeroplane is the point ?

Question 82-29 : Minimum drag maximum specific range maximum endurance minimum specific range

. 1083.max endurance is not a point on the thrust required curve but 'minimum drag' is exemple 294 minimum drag.minimum drag.

The airspeed for jet aeroplanes at which 'power required' is minimum ?

Question 82-30 : Is always lower than the minimum drag speed is always higher than the minimum drag speed is lower than the minimum drag speed in the climb and higher than the minimum drag speed in the descent is the same as the minimum drag speed

. 1085.minimum power airspeed vmp is less than minimum drag speed vmd.jomargra .the graph is incorrect the red letter corresponds to vmd and the blue ones to 1 32vmd i suppose the correct answer is is the same as the minimum drag speed. .our graph shows a 'power required curve' not a 'drag curve' .the point at the bottom of the curve is vmp velocity for minimum power .the tangent to the curve is vmd velocity for minimum drag .thus vmp is less than vmd and because it is proportional to vmd it is always less.'power' is thrust required x tas .as thrust required is the same as drag power can also be written as power required = drag x tas .this will in all cases move the drag curve down and left meaning the point of minimum power vmd will be at a lower airspeed than the point of minimum drag speed vmd .power is the rate of doing work as opposed to thrust which is a force exemple 298 is always lower than the minimum drag speed.is always lower than the minimum drag speed.

The speed range between low speed buffet and high speed buffet ?

Question 82-31 : Decreases with increasing mass and increasing altitude decreases with increasing mass and is independent of altitude is only limiting at low altitudes increases with increasing mass

exemple 302 decreases with increasing mass and increasing altitude.decreases with increasing mass and increasing altitude.

The danger associated with low speed and/or high speed buffet ?

Question 82-32 : Limits the manoeuvring load factor at high altitudes can be reduced by increasing the load factor exists only above mmo has to be considered at take off and landing

.at low speed buffet you are near the conventional stall it occurs at higher speeds with altitude in the other hand high speed buffet occurs at lower speeds with altitude so at some stage the buffets will merge the margin between them called 'coffin corner' is reduced by g force caused by turning and turbulence it means that you have to avoid any manoeuvres that can result in an increase of the load factor exemple 306 limits the manoeuvring load factor at high altitudes.limits the manoeuvring load factor at high altitudes.

Which of the jet engine ratings below is not a certified rating ?

Question 82-33 : Maximum cruise thrust maximum continuous thrust go around thrust maximum take off thrust

exemple 310 maximum cruise thrust.maximum cruise thrust.

At constant thrust and constant altitude the fuel flow of a jet engine ?

Question 82-34 : Increases slightly with increasing airspeed is independent of the airspeed decreases slightly with increasing airspeed increases with decreasing oat

.because your mass decreases with time and the question states 'constant altitude' your airspeed will increase at constant thrust because you have to decrease your angle of attack to maintain constant altitude .as more air is entering the engine ram effect is increased the compressor works harder which demands an increase of the fuel flow exemple 314 increases slightly with increasing airspeed.increases slightly with increasing airspeed.

The thrust of a jet engine at constant rpm ?

Question 82-35 : Increases in proportion to the airspeed does not change with changing altitude is independent of the airspeed is inversely proportional to the airspeed

Jomargra .for a jet engine the net thrust is the difference between the gross thrust and the intake momentum drag increasing speed increases the intake momentum drag which reduces the thrust however at higher speeds the increased intake pressure due to ram effect is insufficient to counteract the loss of thrust due to intake momentum drag therefore during the take off there will be a decrease of thrust from oxford book..at constant rpm the ram effect increases the mass of air in the intake and at a higher pressure thrust starts to increase exemple 318 increases in proportion to the airspeed.increases in proportion to the airspeed.

A higher altitude at constant mass and mach number requires ?

Question 82-36 : A higher angle of attack a lower coefficient of lift a lower coefficient of drag a lower angle of attack

.lift = cl x 1/2 rho v² x s..cl = lift coefficient.rho = density.v = tas in m/s .s = surface..at higher altitude 'rho' and 'tas' are reduced you can only act on lift coefficient you must to increase your angle of attack to maintain lift constant exemple 322 a higher angle of attack.a higher angle of attack.

The long range cruise speed is selected because ?

Question 82-37 : The higher speed achieves 99% of the maximum still air range it is the best speed for economy it is the cruise climb speed for one or two engines inoperative it achieves the specific range with a headwind

exemple 326 the higher speed achieves 99% of the maximum still-air range.the higher speed achieves 99% of the maximum still-air range.

The optimum altitude ?

Question 82-38 : Increases as mass decreases and is the altitude at which the specific range reaches its maximum decreases as mass decreases is the altitude at which the specific range reaches its minimum is the altitude up to which cabin pressure of 8 000 ft can be maintained

exemple 330 increases as mass decreases and is the altitude at which the specific range reaches its maximum.increases as mass decreases and is the altitude at which the specific range reaches its maximum.

The engine failure take off run is ?

Question 82-39 : The horizontal distance along the take off path from the start of the take off to a point equidistant between the point at which vlof is reached and the point at which the aeroplane is 35 ft above the take off surface 1 5 times the distance from the point of brake release to a point equidistant between the point at which vlof is reached and the point at which the aeroplane attains a height of 35 ft above the runway with all engines operative 1 15 times the distance from the point of brake release to the point at which vlof is reached assuming a failure of the critical engine at v1 the distance of the point of brake release to a point equidistant between the point at which vlof is reached and the point at which the aeroplane attains a height of 50 ft above the runway assuming a failure of the critical engine at v1

exemple 334 the horizontal distance along the take-off path from the start of the take-off to a point equidistant between the point at which vlof is reached and the point at which the aeroplane is 35 ft above the take-off surface.the horizontal distance along the take-off path from the start of the take-off to a point equidistant between the point at which vlof is reached and the point at which the aeroplane is 35 ft above the take-off surface.

Reduced take off thrust ?

Question 82-40 : Has the benefit of improving engine life can be used if the actual take off mass is higher than the performance limited take off mass is not recommended at very low temperatures oat can be used if the headwind component during take off is at least 10 kt

exemple 338 has the benefit of improving engine life.has the benefit of improving engine life.


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