Which of the following statements is correct ? [ Professional DGAC ]

Question 74-1 : A stopway means an area beyond the take off runway able to support the aeroplane during an aborted take off an underrun is an area beyond the runway end which can be used for an aborted take off a clearway is an area beyond the runway which can be used for an aborted take off if a clearway or a stopway is used the lift off point must be attainable at least at the end of the permanent runway surface

exemple 174 A stopway means an area beyond the take-off runway, able to support the aeroplane during an aborted take-off. — A stopway means an area beyond the take-off runway, able to support the aeroplane during an aborted take-off.

Which of the following is true with regard to vmca air minimum control speed ?

Question 74-2 : Straight flight can not be maintained below vmca when the critical engine has failed the aeroplane is uncontrollable below vmca the aeroplane will not gather the minimum required climb gradient vmca only applies to four engine aeroplanes

exemple 178 Straight flight can not be maintained below vmca, when the critical engine has failed. — Straight flight can not be maintained below vmca, when the critical engine has failed.

Which of the following will decrease v1 ?

Question 74-3 : Inoperative anti skid increased take off mass inoperative flight management system increased outside air temperature

Antiskid system the hydraulic system provides antiskid protection when the system detects a skid the associated antiskid valve reduces brake pressure until skidding stops .an inoperative anti skid system will increase the stop distance thus our asda is increased and v1 need to be decreased .an increased take off mass or an increased of oat will increase v1 until we reach one of the maximum available distances tora toda and asda .an inoperative fms has no effect on v1

Which of the following are to be taken into account for the runway in use for ?

Question 74-4 : Airport elevation runway slope outside air temperature pressure altitude and wind components airport elevation runway slope standard temperature standard pressure and wind components airport elevation runway slope standard temperature pressure altitude and wind components airport elevation runway slope outside air temperature standard pressure and wind components

exemple 186 Airport elevation, runway slope, outside air temperature, pressure altitude and wind components. — Airport elevation, runway slope, outside air temperature, pressure altitude and wind components.

Changing the take off flap setting from flap 15° to flap 5° will normally ?

Question 74-5 : A longer take off distance and a better climb a shorter take off distance and an equal climb a better climb and an equal take off distance a shorter take off distance and a better climb

In accordance with cs 25 the reference landing speed vref has the following ?

Question 74-6 : 23% 15% 20% 10%

exemple 194 23%. — Admin .vref is the landing reference speed . cs 25 125 landing . . i in non icing conditions vref may not be less than . a 1 23 vsr0.example 100 x 1 23 = 123 kt 23%.

In relation to the net take off flight path the required 35 ft vertical ?

Question 74-7 : The minimum vertical distance between the lowest part of the aeroplane and all obstacles within the obstacle domain based on pressure altitudes the height by which acceleration and flap retraction should be completed the height at which power is reduced to maximum climb thrust

exemple 198 The minimum vertical distance between the lowest part of the aeroplane and all obstacles within the obstacle domain. — The minimum vertical distance between the lowest part of the aeroplane and all obstacles within the obstacle domain.

At a given altitude when a turbojet aeroplane mass is increased by 5% assuming ?

Question 74-8 : 5% 7 5% 10% 2 5%

exemple 202 5%. — Admin .for a turbojet aeroplane fuel consumption decreases or increases in proportion to the change in aeroplane weight 5%.

What will be the effect on an aeroplane's performance if aerodrome pressure ?

Question 74-9 : It will decrease the take off distance required it will increase the take off distance required it will increase the take off ground run it will increase the accelerate stop distance

exemple 206 It will decrease the take-off distance required. — Admin .pressure altitude is the altitude displayed on an altimeter if you set 1013 hpa on the subscale your altimeter will show your pressure altitude above the 1013 hpa pressure level .if your pressure altitude is decreasing your actual altitude above that level will decrease too .lower altitude means denser air it means better performance and then it will decrease the take off distance required It will decrease the take-off distance required.

What will be the influence on the aeroplane performance if aerodrome pressure ?

Question 74-10 : It will increase the take off distance it will decrease the take off distance it will increase the take off distance available it will decrease the take off run

exemple 210 It will increase the take-off distance. — Admin .pressure altitude is the altitude displayed on an altimeter if your pressure altitude indicated a high it means a reduced air density .air density has direct effect on lift drag engine performance when air density decreases aircraft performance decreases take off run will be increased It will increase the take-off distance.

Which of the following distances will increase if you increase v1 but vr ?

Question 74-11 : Accelerate stop distance take off distance all engine take off distance take off run

exemple 214 Accelerate stop distance. — Admin .accelerated stop distance is the distance required to accelerate to v1 with all engines at takeoff power experience an engine failure at v1 and abort the takeoff and bring the airplane to a stop using only braking action without the use of reverse thrust thus if you increase v1 the accelerate stop distance asd will increase .the decision speed at take off v1 is the calibrated airspeed below which take off must be rejected if an engine failure is recognized above which take off should be continued .vr remains unchanged and vr is the speed at which rotation to the lift off angle of attack is initiated so 'take off run' 'take off distance' and 'all engine take off distance' remain unchanged Accelerate stop distance.

Which of the following answers is true ?

Question 74-12 : V1 is lower or equal to vr v1 is higher vlof v1 is higher vr v1 is lower vmcg

exemple 218 V1 is lower or equal to vr. — Admin .v1 critical engine failure speed or decision speed engine failure below this speed should result in an aborted takeoff above this speed the takeoff run should be continued .vr speed at which the rotation of the airplane is initiated to takeoff attitude this speed cannot.be less than v1 or less than 1 05 x vmca minimum control speed in the air .vlof the speed at which the airplane first becomes airborne this is an engineering term used when the airplane is certificated and must meet certain requirements if it is not listed in the airplane flight manual it is within requirements and does not have to be taken into consideration by the pilot .vmcg the minimum control speed in the ground . 1459.note vmca minimum control speed in the air is located between v1 and vr V1 is lower or equal to vr.

The length of a clearway may be included in ?

Question 74-13 : The take off distance available the accelerate stop distance available the take off run available the distance to reach v1

exemple 222 The take-off distance available. — Admin . 1067 The take-off distance available.

How does runway slope affect allowable take off mass assuming other factors ?

Question 74-14 : A downhill slope increases allowable take off mass an uphill slope increases the allowable take off mass allowable take off mass is not affected by runway slope a downhill slope decreases allowable take off mass

exemple 226 A downhill slope increases allowable take-off mass. — Admin .a downhill slope increases allowable take off mass .it will be easier to accelerate the aircraft assisted by the downhill component of weight therefore we can increase the mass and make 35 ft and v2 within toda however we will have to reduce v1 in case we have to stop with a heavier aircraft A downhill slope increases allowable take-off mass.

Provided all other parameters stay constant which of the following alternatives ?

Question 74-15 : Decreased take off mass increased density increased flap setting increased outside air temperature decreased pressure altitude decreased flap setting decreased take off mass increased pressure altitude increased temperature increased pressure altitude increased outside air temperature increased take off mass

exemple 230 Decreased take-off mass, increased density, increased flap setting. — Decreased take-off mass, increased density, increased flap setting.

The effect of increasing the flap setting from zero to the recommended take off ?

Question 74-16 : Decreased tod required and increased field length limited tom increased tod required and decreased field length limited tom increased tod required and increased field length limited tom decreased tod required and decreased field length limited tom

exemple 234 Decreased tod required and increased field length limited tom. — Admin .a larger flap selection will permit to take off earlier but will decrease the path climb angle .if you have a weight limitation at take off due to the length of the runway by choosing a larger flap setting you will permit to reduce your take off run thus you can carry more weight Decreased tod required and increased field length limited tom.

How is vmca influenced by increasing pressure altitude ?

Question 74-17 : Vmca decreases with increasing pressure altitude vmca is not affected by pressure altitude vmca increases with increasing pressure altitude vmca decreases with pressure altitude higher than 4000 ft

exemple 238 Vmca decreases with increasing pressure altitude. — Admin .vmc speeds are cas based it means they are not affected by the air density vmca is a controlling speed with one engine inoperative .as the altitude increases we get less asymmetric thrust therefore the controlling speed of vmca decreases .increase in pressure altitude means less thrust or more correctly less asymmetric thrust the controlling speed reduces as the thrust reduces Vmca decreases with increasing pressure altitude.

Which one of the following is not affected by a tail wind ?

Question 74-18 : The climb limited take off mass the field limited take off mass the obstacle limited take off mass the take off run

Admin .the climb limited take off mass cltom is a gradient requirement under the certification rules cs25 .it is an air gradient based upon pressure altitude and temperature and is unaffected by wind

Which statement is correct ?

Question 74-19 : Vr must not be less than 1 05 vmca and not less than v1 vr must not be less than 1 05 vmca and not less than 1 1 v1 vr must not be less than vmca and not less than 1 05 v1 vr must not be less than 1 1 vmca and not less than v1

exemple 246 Vr must not be less than 1.05 vmca and not less than v1. — Admin .v1 critical engine failure speed or decision speed engine failure below this speed should result in an aborted takeoff above this speed the takeoff run should be continued .vr speed at which the rotation of the airplane is initiated to takeoff attitude this speed cannot.be less than v1 or less than 1 05 x vmca minimum control speed in the air .vlof the speed at which the airplane first becomes airborne this is an engineering term used when the airplane is certificated and must meet certain requirements if it is not listed in the airplane flight manual it is within requirements and does not have to be taken into consideration by the pilot .vmcg the minimum control speed in the ground . 1459.note vmca minimum control speed in the air is located between v1 and vr Vr must not be less than 1.05 vmca and not less than v1.

Which of the following represents the minimum for v1 ?

Question 74-20 : Vmcg vlof vmu vr

exemple 250 Vmcg. — Admin . 1459.note vmca minimum control speed in the air is located between v1 and vr Vmcg.

In the event of engine failure below v1 the first action to be taken by the ?

Question 74-21 : Reduce the engine thrust deploy airbrakes or spoilers reverse engine thrust apply wheel brakes

exemple 254 Reduce the engine thrust. — Reduce the engine thrust.

If the antiskid system is inoperative which of the following statements is true ?

Question 74-22 : The accelerate stop distance increases the accelerate stop distance decreases it has no effect on the accelerate stop distance take off with anti skid inoperative is never permitted

exemple 258 The accelerate stop distance increases. — Admin .antiskid system the hydraulic system provides antiskid protection when the system detects a skid the associated antiskid valve reduces brake pressure until skidding stops .an inoperative anti skid system will increase the stop distance thus our asda is increased and v1 need to be decreased .take off with anti skid inoperative is permitted under condition The accelerate stop distance increases.

Other factors remaining constant and not limiting how does increasing pressure ?

Question 74-23 : Allowable take off mass decreases allowable take off mass increases there is no effect on allowable take off mass allowable take off mass remains uninfluenced up to 5000 ft pressure altitude

exemple 262 Allowable take-off mass decreases. — Admin .density decreases with altitude less density will reduce take off thrust available allowable take off mass will decrease Allowable take-off mass decreases.

If there is a tail wind the climb limited tom take off mass will ?

Question 74-24 : Not be affected increase decrease increase in the flaps extended case

exemple 266 Not be affected. — Not be affected.

Which of the following sets of factors will increase the climb limited tom ?

Question 74-25 : Low flap setting low pressure altitude low oat high flap setting low pressure altitude low oat low flap setting high pressure altitude high oat low flap setting high pressure altitude low oat

exemple 270 Low flap setting, low pressure altitude, low oat. — Admin .low flap setting a higher flap setting will reduce the takeoff ground run for a given aircraft weight but it will reduce climb limited tom the flaps will reduce the best angle of attack therefore the maximum climb slope will be reduced low flap setting permits a better climb angle .low pressure altitude density is higher lift is increase .low oat cold air means that density increase lift inscreases the climb limited tom is increased Low flap setting, low pressure altitude, low oat.

The requirements with regard to take off flight path and the climb segments are ?

Question 74-26 : The failure of the critical engine on a multi engines aeroplane the failure of any engine on a multi engine aeroplane two engine aeroplane the failure of two engines on a multi engine aeroplane

exemple 274 The failure of the critical engine on a multi-engines aeroplane. — The failure of the critical engine on a multi-engines aeroplane.

A head wind will ?

Question 74-27 : Increase the climb flight path angle increase the angle of climb increase the rate of climb shorten the time of climb

exemple 278 Increase the climb flight path angle. — Increase the climb flight path angle.

Assuming that the required lift exists which forces determine an aeroplane's ?

Question 74-28 : Weight drag and thrust weight and drag only thrust and drag only weight and thrust only

exemple 282 Weight, drag and thrust. — Weight, drag and thrust.

How does the best angle of climb and best rate of climb vary with increasing ?

Question 74-29 : Both decrease best angle of climb decreases while best rate of climb increases best angle of climb increases while best rate of climb decreases both increase

exemple 286 Both decrease. — The higher you go the less power you will have .you can increase the angle of climb only if you have an excess of thrust or a rate of climb excess power Both decrease.

An operator shall ensure that the net take off flight path clears all obstacles ?

Question 74-30 : 90 m + 0 125 d 0 125 d 90 m + 1 125 d 90 m + d / 0 125

exemple 290 90 m + 0.125 d. — Admin .take off obstacle clearance . a an operator shall ensure that the take off flight path with one engine inoperative clears all obstacles by a vertical margin of at least 50 ft or by a horizontal distance of at least 90 m plus 0 125 x d where d is the horizontal distance the aeroplane has travelled from the end of the take off distance available .for aeroplanes with a wingspan of less than 60 m a horizontal obstacle clearance of half the aeroplane wingspan plus 60 m plus 0 125 x d may be used 90 m + 0.125 d.

What is the effect of tail wind on the time to climb to a given altitude ?

Question 74-31 : The time to climb does not change the time to climb increases the time to climb decreases the effect on time to climb will depend on the aeroplane type

exemple 294 The time to climb does not change. — The time to climb does not change.

The angle of climb with flaps extended compared to that with flaps retracted ?

Question 74-32 : Smaller larger not change increase at moderate flap setting decrease at large flap setting

exemple 298 Smaller. — Admin .we assume same mass and same speed same vertical speed all other conditions unchanged angle of climb will be smaller with flaps extended compared to that with flaps retracted for the same vertical speed center of pressure moves aft when flaps are extended thus we have to lower the nose Smaller.

Vx and vy with take off flaps will be ?

Question 74-33 : Lower than that for clean configuration higher than that for clean configuration same as that for clean configuration changed so that vx increases and vy decreases compared to clean configuration

exemple 302 Lower than that for clean configuration. — Admin .vx is best angle of climb speed and vy is best rate of climb speed they occur at the point where there is the biggest gap between thrust and drag vx and power required and power available vy . 1068.the deployment of flap increases profile drag which moves the red drag curve up and left you can see that vmd which is vx for a jet moves left and the gap closes between thrust available and drag so vx decreases and the angle of climb decreases . 1069.the power required curve also moves up and left with the increase in drag and the point of vy moves left and the gap closes between power required and power available .vx and vy with take off flaps will be lower than that for clean configuration Lower than that for clean configuration.

Other factors remaining constant how does increasing altitude affect vx and vy ?

Question 74-34 : Both will increase both will remain the same both will decrease vx will decrease and vy will increase

exemple 306 Both will increase. — Admin .best explanation ever .pdf929 Both will increase.

Considering tas for maximum range and maximum endurance other factors remaining ?

Question 74-35 : Both will increase with increasing altitude both will decrease with increasing altitude both will stay constant regardless of altitude tas for maximum range will increase with increased altitude while tas for maximum endurance will decrease with increased altitude

exemple 310 Both will increase with increasing altitude. — Admin .in flight maximum range speed and maximum endurance speed are eas .use the very simple 'ertm' diagram ertm for e as/ r as rectified air speed or cas / t as/ m ach . 1960.the eas/ias line is vertical tas increase with increasing altitude Both will increase with increasing altitude.

Given that .vef= critical engine failure speed.vmcg= ground minimum control ?

Question 74-36 : Vmcg is less than or equal to vef is less than v1 v2min is less than or equal to vef is less than or equal to vmu 1 05 vmca is less than or equal to vef is less than or equal to v1 1 05 vmcg is less than vefis less than or equal to vr

exemple 314 Vmcg is less than or equal to vef is less than v1. — Admin . vmcg it is the minimum speed on ground at which when the critical engine becomes inoperative it is possible to recover control of the airplane with the use of primary aerodynamic control alone .this maneuver must follow the guidelines . to steer only aerodynamic forces may be used . nose wheel steering is not used . rudder force may not exceed 150 lbs . cs 25 107 take off speeds . a v1 must be established in relation to vef as follows . 1 vef is the calibrated airspeed at which the critical engine is assumed to fail vef must be selected by the applicant but may not be less than vmcg determined under cs 25 149 e . 2 v1 in terms of calibrated airspeed is selected by the applicant however v1 may not be less than vef plus the speed gained with the critical engine inoperative during the.time interval between the instant at which the critical engine is failed and the instant at.which the pilot recognises and reacts to the engine failure as indicated by the pilot's.initiation of the first action e g applying brakes reducing thrust deploying speed brakes to stop the aeroplane during accelerate stop tests Vmcg is less than or equal to vef is less than v1.

Given .vs= stalling speed.vmca= air minimum control speed.vmu= minimum unstick ?

Question 74-37 : Vs< vmca < v2 min v2 min < vmca < vmu vr < vmca < vlof vmu = vmca < v1

exemple 318 Vs< vmca < v2 min — Admin .vmca minimum control speed in the air is located between v1 and vr .at vs the aircraft is falling at v2min the aircraft is airborne and flyable v2min is the lowest speed at which the aircraft complies with the handling criteria associated with climb after take off following the failure of an engine Vs< vmca < v2 min

Regarding take off the take off decision speed v1 ?

Question 74-38 : Is the airspeed on the ground at which the pilot is assumed to have made a decision to continue or discontinue the take off is always equal to vef engine failure speed is an airspeed at which the aeroplane is airborne but below 35 ft and the pilot is assumed to have made a decision to continue or discontinue the take off is the airspeed of the aeroplane upon reaching 35 feet above the take off surface

exemple 322 Is the airspeed on the ground at which the pilot is assumed to have made a decision to continue or discontinue the take-off. — Is the airspeed on the ground at which the pilot is assumed to have made a decision to continue or discontinue the take-off.

An airport has a 3000 metres long runway and a 2000 metres clearway at each end ?

Question 74-39 : 4500 metres 6000 metres 4000 metres 5000 metres

exemple 326 4500 metres. — Admin .the take off distance must not exceed the take off distance available with a clearway distance not exceeding half of the takeoff run available .3000 m runway + only 1500 m clearway = 4500 metres 4500 metres.

The net flight path gradient after take off compared to the actual climb ?

Question 74-40 : Smaller larger equal depends on type of aircraft and may be smaller or larger respectively

exemple 330 Smaller. — Admin . cs 25 115 take off flight path . . b the net take off flight path data must be determined so that they represent the actual take off flight paths determined in accordance with cs25 111 and with sub paragraph a of this paragraph reduced at each point by a gradient of climb equal to . 1 0 8% for two engined aeroplanes . 2 0 9% for three engined aeroplanes and. 3 1 0% for four engined aeroplanes Smaller.

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