An aircraft is lined up on Runway 23 which is aligned with a magnetic bearing of 232°M During pre flight checks it is observed that the direct reading magnetic compass ?
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Annex ECQB 061 002 v2015 09 Deviation for a compass heading of 088° is 2483 ?
The magnetic compass shows ?
A direct reading compass drc Does not require power from aircraft systems to indicate direction. Ecqb06 august 2020 maximum permissible deviation errors are +/ 10° error given 11° in this case crew must cancel flight go to maintenance. 
An aircraft lined up on runway 24 which aligned with a magnetic bearing of 242°m in order to comply with maximum permissible deviation errors direct reading magnetic compass readings should be between Does not require power from aircraft systems to indicate direction. Ae indique +/ 10° moi 5° seulement ce qui est plus logique j'ai volontairement enlevé la proposition 232° 252° ecqb06 august 2020 cs 25 1327 direction indicator (b) the magnetic direction indicator required cs 25 1303(a)(3) may not have a deviation after compensation in normal level flight greater than 10 degrees on any heading an accuracy of 10° or better when readings are 042° 052° when line up on runway 05 example if you read 037° 057° accuracy 20° it's not correct! this question also exists with statement the maximum permissible deviation errors a direct reading compass is answer 10°. 
Your magnetic compass shows a compass heading of 090° 'e' what your magnetic heading if deviation 3° Does not require power from aircraft systems to indicate direction. Ae indique +/ 10° moi 5° seulement ce qui est plus logique j'ai volontairement enlevé la proposition 232° 252° ecqb06 august 2020 cs 25 1327 direction indicator (b) the magnetic direction indicator required cs 25 1303(a)(3) may not have a deviation after compensation in normal level flight greater than 10 degrees on any heading an accuracy of 10° or better when readings are 042° 052° when line up on runway 05 example if you read 037° 057° accuracy 20° it's not correct! this question also exists with statement the maximum permissible deviation errors a direct reading compass is answer 10°. 
Position a located on equator at longitude 130°00e position b located 100 nm from a on a bearing of 225° t the coordinates of position b are Does not require power from aircraft systems to indicate direction. position b on a bearing of 225° (south west from a) if you departe from a (located on equator) you will go in south hemisphere so answer with 01°11n are wrong you are going west longitude will be less than 130°est. Question 160-8
The nominal scale of a lambert conformal conic chart the Scale at standard parallels. the lambert conformal what most of today's aeronautical charts are based on on a lamberts chart scale correct at standard parallels (where cones slices through surface of globe) convergency correct along parallel of origin the constant of cone (or convergence factor) the sine of parallel of origin. Question 160-9
The chart that generally used navigation in polar areas based on a Stereographical projection. the azimuthal stereographic projection a conformal projection since projection conformal parallels meridians intersect at right angles in polar aspect meridians are equally spaced straight lines parallels are unequally spaced circles centered at pole spacing gradually increases away from pole the scale constant along any circle having its centre at projection centre but increases moderately with distance from centre the ellipses of distortion remain circles (indicating conformality) areas increase with distance from projection center the polar stereographic projection used in combination with utm coordinate system as universal polar stereographic (ups) mapping regions north of 84°n south of 80°s (polar areas) recommended conformal mapping of regions approximately circular in shape. Question 160-10
A mercator chart has a scale at equator = 1 3 704 000 what the scale at latitude 60° s Stereographical projection. at 60°s scale = 1 3 704 000 x 1 / cos60° scale = 1 3 704 000 x 1 / 0 5 scale = 1 / (3 704 000 x 0 5) scale = 1 1 852 000. Question 160-11
The distance measured between two points on a navigation map 42 mm millimetres the scale of chart 1 1 600 000 the actual distance between these two point approximately Stereographical projection. 1 mm on map = 1 600 000 mm on ground 1 600 000 mm = 1 6 km 1 6 km / 1 852 = 0 864 nm 1 mm on map = 0 864 nm on ground 42 mm = 0 864 x 42 = 36 28 nm. Question 160-12
The standard parallels of a lambert's conical orthomorphic projection are 07°40'n and 38°20'n the constant of cone this chart Stereographical projection. constant of cone (convergency factor) the ratio between top angle of unfolded cone 360° or sine of parallel of origin the parallel of origin about half way between standard parallels midway between 07°40'n 38°20'n 23° sin of 23° = 0 39. Question 160-13
On a lambert conformal conic chart convergence of meridians Is same as earth convergency at parallel of origin. on a lamberts chart scale correct at standard parallels (where cones slices through surface of globe) convergency correct along parallel of origin the constant of cone (or convergence factor) the sine of parallel of origin. Question 160-14
A straight line drawn on a chart measures 4 63 cm and represents 150 nm the chart scale Is same as earth convergency at parallel of origin. 150 nm x 1 852 = 277 8 km 277 8 km x 1000 = 277 800 m 277 800 m x 100 = 27 7800 000 cm 27 7800 000 cm / 4 63 cm = 6 000 000. Question 160-15
On a polar stereographic chart initial great circle course from a 70°n 060°w to b 70°n 060°e approximately Is same as earth convergency at parallel of origin. conversion angle formula not accurate long distances but we can try conversion angle 1/2 g sin lm g change of longitude (120°) lm = mean latitude (70°) conversion angle = 1/2 x 120 x sin70 = 56° 090° (rhumb line) 56° = 034°. Question 160-16
On a lambert conformal conic chart great circles that are not meridians are Curves concave to parallel of origin. the parallel of origin approximately at half way between two standard parallels standard parallels are 20°n 50°n parallel of origin 30°n meridians which are great circles are straight lines all other great circles are curved concave to parallel of origin . Question 160-17
On a direct mercator projection at latitude 45° north a certain length represents 70 nm at latitude 30° north same length represents approximately Curves concave to parallel of origin. 60 x cos 45 x x = 70 42 42 x x = 70 x = 70 / 42 42 = 1 65 60 x cos 30 x 1 65 = 86 nm ducksherminator i'd just like to give method i used to find answer i personnaly find it easier (70/cos45°) x cos30° = 85 73. Question 160-18
On a polar stereographic projection chart showing south pole a straight line joins position a 70°s 065°e to position b 70°s 025°w the true course on departure from position a approximately Curves concave to parallel of origin. draw situtation . Question 160-19
On a direct mercator projection distance measured between two meridians spaced 5° apart at latitude 60°n 8 cm the scale of this chart at latitude 60°n approximately Curves concave to parallel of origin. scale = chart lenght/earth distance earth distance = 5° x 60 nm x cos 60° = 150 nm 150 nm x 1 852 = 277 8 km 1 cm chart scale = 277 8 /8 = 34 725 km 1 cm 3 472 000 cm. Question 160-20
Two positions plotted on a polar stereographic chart a 80°n 000° and b 70°n 102°w are joined a straight line whose highest latitude reached at 035°w at point b true course Curves concave to parallel of origin. draw situation at highest latitude (035°w) our true course 270° on a polar stereographic chart convergency equal to change of longitude 102° 35° = 67° 270° 67° = 203°. Question 160-21
Assume a north polar stereographic chart whose grid aligned with greenwich meridian an aircraft flies from geographic north pole a distance of 480 nm along 110°e meridian then follows a grid track of 154° a distance of 300 nm its position now approximately 2514 Curves concave to parallel of origin. the grid aligned with greenwich meridian use meridian 090°e graduation to find distance 480 nm along 110°e (1° = 60 nm) 480/60 = 8° next step your aircraft turn on a 154° heading (grid track) a distance of 300 nm 300/60 = 5° its position now approximately 80°00'n 080°e. Question 160-22
The convergence factor of a lambert conformal conic chart quoted as 0 78535 at what latitude on chart earth convergency correctly represented Curves concave to parallel of origin. the convergency factor on a lambert chart the sinus of parallel of origin n = sin(l0) 0 78535 = sin parallel of origin parallel of origin = sin 1 (0 78535) = 51 75 (51°45'). Question 160-23
At 47° north chart distance between meridians 10° apart 12 7 cm the scale of chart at 47° north approximates Curves concave to parallel of origin. scale = chart lenght/earth distance earth distance = 10° x 60 nm x cos 47° = 409 2 nm 409 2 x 1 852 = 758 km 1 cm chart scale = 758 / 12 7 = 60 km 1 cm 6 000 000 cm marcinkocybik why we substract 758 / 12 7 ? we divide because 12 7 cm on chart corresponds to 758 km on earth we want to now value 1 cm. Question 160-24
On a direct mercator chart a great circle will be represented a Curve concave to equator. on a direct mercator chart meridians a parallel equally spaced vertical straight lines img /com_en/com061 514 jpg great circle the shortest distance between two points on earth but not on a direct mercator chart for information img /com_en/com061 394b jpg . Question 160-25
The constant of cone of a lambert conformal conic chart quoted as 0 3955 at what latitude on chart earth convergency correctly represented Curve concave to equator. constant of cone (convergency factor) the ratio between top angle of unfolded cone 360° or sine of parallel of origin the parallel of origin is sin 1 (or arcsin) of 23° = 23 29° (23°18'). Question 160-26
On a lambert conformal chart distance between meridians 5° apart along latitude 37° north 9 cm the scale of chart at that parallel approximates Curve concave to equator. Scale = chart lenght/earth distance earth distance = 5° x 60 nm x cos 37° = 239 6 nm 239 6 x 1 852 = 444 km 1 cm chart scale = 444 /9 = 49 33 km 1 cm 4 933 000 cm. Question 160-27
The great circle bearing from a 70°s 030°w to b 70°s 060°e approximately Curve concave to equator. great circle direction at a = 090° (rhumb line) + conversion angle (1/2 g sin lm) conversion angle = 1/2 g sin lm g change of longitude (90°) lm = mean latitude (70°) conversion angle = 1/2 x 90° x sin70° conversion angle = 42° great circle direction at a = 090° + 42° = 132°. Question 160-28
In a navigation chart a distance of 49 nm equal to 7 cm the scale of chart approximately Curve concave to equator. 49 nm x 1 852 = 91 km 91 / 7 = 13 km 1 cm 1 300 000 cm. Question 160-29
At 60°n scale of a direct mercator chart 1 3 000 000 what the scale at equator Curve concave to equator. scale at 60°n = scale at equator x (1/cos60°) = 1/3 000 000 scale at equator = cos60°/3 000 000 scale at equator = 1/6 000 000. Question 160-30
What the chart distance between longitudes 179°e and 175°w on a direct mercator chart with a scale of 1 5 000 000 at equator Curve concave to equator. scale = chart distance/earth distance earth distance = 6º = 6° x 60 nm = 360 nm at equator 360 nm = 667 3km = 667 300 000 mm scale = chart distance / 667 300 000 = 1/5 000 000 chart distance = 667 300 000 / 5 000 000 = 133 mm dalton on a mercator chart 179e 175w are not distant 6° but 179+175=354° earth a globe longitudes 179°e 175°w are separated 354° or 6°. Question 160-31
The total length of 53°n parallel of latitude on a direct mercator chart 133 cm what the approximate scale of chart at latitude 30°s Curve concave to equator. on a direct mercator chart meridians are parallel so all parallels of latitude will have same lenght scale = chart distance / earth distance scale = 133 cm / 360 x 60 x cos30° scale = 133 cm / 18706 nm = 133 cm / 34643 5 km scale = 133 cm / 34 643 500 m scale = 133 cm / 34 643 500 000 cm 1 cm / 26 047 744 cm. Question 160-32
A lambert conformal conic projection with two standard parallels The scale only correct along standard parallels. the lambert conformal what most of today's aeronautical charts are based on on a lamberts chart scale only correct at standard parallels (where cones slices through surface of globe) convergency correct along parallel of origin the constant of cone (or convergence factor) the sine of parallel of origin. Question 160-33
The constant of cone on a lambert chart where convergence angle between longitudes 010°e and 030°w 30° The scale only correct along standard parallels. Chart convergency = difference of longitude x constant of cone difference of longitude = 10°e to 30°w = 40° 30° = 40° x constant of cone constant of cone = 30/40 = 0 75. Question 160-34
A line drawn on a chart which joins all points where value of magnetic variation zero called an The scale only correct along standard parallels. img /com_en/com061 87 jpg agonic line a line which joins all points where value of magnetic variation zero. Question 160-35
The chart distance between meridians 10° apart at latitude 65° north 9 5 cm the chart scale at this latitude approximates The scale only correct along standard parallels. scale = chart lenght/earth distance earth distance = 10° x 60 nm x cos 65° = 254 nm 254 x 1 852 = 470 km 1 cm chart scale = 470 /9 5 = 49 47 km 1 cm 4 947 000 cm. Question 160-36
On a lambert conformal conic chart with two standard parallels quoted scale correct Along two standard parallels. the lambert conformal what most of today's aeronautical charts are based on on a lamberts chart scale correct at standard parallels (where cones slices through surface of globe) convergency correct along parallel of origin the constant of cone (or convergence factor) the sine of parallel of origin. Question 160-37
On a lambert conformal conic chart earth convergency most accurately represented at Along two standard parallels. the lambert conformal what most of today's aeronautical charts are based on on a lamberts chart scale correct at standard parallels (where cones slices through surface of globe) convergency correct along parallel of origin the constant of cone (or convergence factor) the sine of parallel of origin convergency the angle of inclination between two selected meridians measured at a given latitude. Question 160-38
A chart has scale 1 1 000 000 from a to b on chart measures 3 8 cm distance from a to b in nm Along two standard parallels. 1 cm = 1 000 000 = 10 km 3 8 x 10 km = 38 km 38 / 1 852 = 20 5 nm. Question 160-39
Contour lines on aeronautical maps and charts connect points Having same elevation above sea level. 1 cm = 1 000 000 = 10 km 3 8 x 10 km = 38 km 38 / 1 852 = 20 5 nm. Question 160-40
A rhumb line A line on surface of earth cutting all meridians at same angle. img /com_en/com061 101 jpg remember rhumb lines or loxodromes are tracks of constant true course great circle the shortest distance between two points.
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