What degree of aircraft icing is determined by the following ICAO description 'Conditions in which immediate change of heading and/or altitude is considered essential' ?
Certification > weather
At what degree of icing can ICAO's 'No change of course and altitude necessary' recommendation be followed ?
On which of the following routes can you expect icing to occur on the basis of the chart 307 ?
If you are flying from zurich to london at fl 240 what conditions can you expect at cruising altitude 309 Moderate or severe turbulence icing. isol embd cb from below fl100 up to fl320 = moderate or severe turbulence icing. 
Judging the chart on which of these routes can you expect to encounter moderate cat at fl 300 310 Moderate or severe turbulence icing. on route from zurich to athens you will fly through cat area n°1 (moderate cat between fl240 fl360) three cat areas can be seen on chart they are defined dash lines with relevant number in middle of affected area cat clear air turbulence. 
Which of these statements true 312 Scattered thunderstorms can be expected over france. the front over london moving north (the arrow shows a speed of 5 km/h) we do not have information about freezing level over madrid turbulence over madrid from fl170 to fl400 (cat area n°1) scattered thunderstorms can be expected over france isol cb. 
On which of these routes would you not need to worry about icing at fl 170 313 Scattered thunderstorms can be expected over france. zurich athens isol embd cb 330 xxx isolated embedded cumulonimbus from below fl100 up to fl330 = moderate or severe turbulence icing paris lisbon madrid vienna isol embd cb 340 xxx isolated embedded cumulonimbus from below fl100 up to fl340 = moderate or severe turbulence icing close to lisbon furthermore both routes cross two warm fronts icing area one up to fl180 other up to fl200 london stockholm icing turbulence only go up to fl120. Question 146-8
You have been flying some time in dense layered cloud the outside air temperature 25°c which of following statements true Severe airframe icing unlikely under these conditions. severe icing would be encountered in layered cloud between 0°c 10°c but at 25°c only light or moderate icing would be experienced. Question 146-9
Thunderstorms in exceptional circumstances can occur in a warm front if The warm air unstable. lifting action (warm air) unstable conditions high moisture content are necessary requirements thunderstorm formation. Question 146-10
Low level wind shear likely to be greatest At top of a marked surface based inversion. warm air moving horizontally above cold air can produce turbulence at point where they join as would be typical with an inversion at around 2000 4000ft with a windspeed of 25 kt or more . Question 146-11
In which of following situations an aircraft most susceptible to icing Level flight below a rain producing cloud when oat below zero degrees c. warm air moving horizontally above cold air can produce turbulence at point where they join as would be typical with an inversion at around 2000 4000ft with a windspeed of 25 kt or more . Question 146-12
A winter day in northern europe with a thick layer of stratocumulus clouds and temperature close to zero degrees c at ground level you can expect A high probability icing in clouds severe icing may occur in upper part due to accumulation of large droplets. warm air moving horizontally above cold air can produce turbulence at point where they join as would be typical with an inversion at around 2000 4000ft with a windspeed of 25 kt or more . Question 146-13
Which one of following statements concerning formation of aircraft icing most correct A cloud consisting of both supercooled water droplets ice crystals produces aircraft icing. warm air moving horizontally above cold air can produce turbulence at point where they join as would be typical with an inversion at around 2000 4000ft with a windspeed of 25 kt or more . Question 146-14
The presence of altocumulus lenticularis an indication of Presence of mountain waves. warm air moving horizontally above cold air can produce turbulence at point where they join as would be typical with an inversion at around 2000 4000ft with a windspeed of 25 kt or more . Question 146-15
Low level vertical wind shear can be expected during night In association with radiation inversions. the ground will remains hot at night heating will increase radiation inversions (strong ground inversions radiation) radiation surface inversions are accompanied with wind shear turbulence. Question 146-16
Fair weather cumulus often an indication of Turbulence at below cloud level. fair weather cumulus you can see that there no high risk of thunderstorms visibility good fair weather cumulus an indication of turbulence at below cloud level (due to lifting action to create cumulus clouds). Question 146-17
Visibility reduced haze when Dust particles are trapped below an inversion. fair weather cumulus you can see that there no high risk of thunderstorms visibility good fair weather cumulus an indication of turbulence at below cloud level (due to lifting action to create cumulus clouds). Question 146-18
The most dangerous low level wind shears are encountered When strong ground inversions are present near thunderstorms. fair weather cumulus you can see that there no high risk of thunderstorms visibility good fair weather cumulus an indication of turbulence at below cloud level (due to lifting action to create cumulus clouds). Question 146-19
Vertical wind shear A change of horizontal wind direction and/or speed with height. different winds at different levels = vertical wind shear. Question 146-20
The most hazardous type of cloud that may be encountered on a cross country flight A change of horizontal wind direction and/or speed with height. different winds at different levels = vertical wind shear. Question 146-21
During life cycle of a thunderstorm which stage characterized predominantly downdrafts A change of horizontal wind direction and/or speed with height. initial stage updrafts mature stage updrafts downdrafts dissipating stage downdrafts. Question 146-22
What feature normally associated with initial stage of a thunderstorm A change of horizontal wind direction and/or speed with height. initial stage updrafts mature stage updrafts downdrafts dissipating stage downdrafts. Question 146-23
Large hail stones Are typically associated with severe thunderstorms. initial stage updrafts mature stage updrafts downdrafts dissipating stage downdrafts. Question 146-24
Which of statements true concerning squall lines For severe squall lines a sigmet issued. initial stage updrafts mature stage updrafts downdrafts dissipating stage downdrafts. Question 146-25
A gust front Formed the cold air outflow from a thunderstorm. initial stage updrafts mature stage updrafts downdrafts dissipating stage downdrafts. Question 146-26
What are requirements the formation of a thunderstorm An adequate supply of moisture conditional instability a lifting action. initial stage updrafts mature stage updrafts downdrafts dissipating stage downdrafts. Question 146-27
In which of following areas the highest frequency of thunderstorms encountered An adequate supply of moisture conditional instability a lifting action. initial stage updrafts mature stage updrafts downdrafts dissipating stage downdrafts. Question 146-28
A microburst with its damaging winds at surface Has a diameter up to 4 km. sometimes associated with thunderstorms microburst macroburst will produce intense downdrafts that create damaging winds on ground these downdrafts are referred to as macrobursts or microbursts depending on their size a macroburst more than 5 km in diameter can produce winds as high as 120 kt a microburst smaller in dimension but produces winds as high as 150 kt on ground. Question 146-29
Thunderstorms can occur on a warm front if Warm air moist the environmental lapse rate exceeds saturated adiabatic lapse rate. sometimes associated with thunderstorms microburst macroburst will produce intense downdrafts that create damaging winds on ground these downdrafts are referred to as macrobursts or microbursts depending on their size a macroburst more than 5 km in diameter can produce winds as high as 120 kt a microburst smaller in dimension but produces winds as high as 150 kt on ground. Question 146-30
With which type of cloud are tornadoes associated Warm air moist the environmental lapse rate exceeds saturated adiabatic lapse rate. sometimes associated with thunderstorms microburst macroburst will produce intense downdrafts that create damaging winds on ground these downdrafts are referred to as macrobursts or microbursts depending on their size a macroburst more than 5 km in diameter can produce winds as high as 120 kt a microburst smaller in dimension but produces winds as high as 150 kt on ground. Question 146-31
The diameter of a typical tornado Warm air moist the environmental lapse rate exceeds saturated adiabatic lapse rate. tornadoes forward motion about 20 to 40 knots tornado paths range from 100 m to 1 5 km wide are rarely more than 12 nm long the path not exactly diameter of a tornado it includes a larger area around tornado itself . Question 146-32
In which stage of life cycle of a single thunderstorm cell occur both up and downdrafts simultaneously Warm air moist the environmental lapse rate exceeds saturated adiabatic lapse rate. initial stage updrafts mature stage updrafts downdrafts dissipating stage downdrafts. Question 146-33
During formation of rime ice in flight water droplets freeze Rapidly do not spread out. initial stage updrafts mature stage updrafts downdrafts dissipating stage downdrafts. Question 146-34
Supercooled droplets can be encountered Rapidly do not spread out. initial stage updrafts mature stage updrafts downdrafts dissipating stage downdrafts. Question 146-35
Clear ice formed when supercooled droplets are Large at a temperature just below freezing. initial stage updrafts mature stage updrafts downdrafts dissipating stage downdrafts. Question 146-36
Freezing precipitation occurs Mainly in form of freezing rain or freezing drizzle. initial stage updrafts mature stage updrafts downdrafts dissipating stage downdrafts. Question 146-37
In vicinity of industrial areas smoke most likely to affect surface visibility when There a low level inversion. initial stage updrafts mature stage updrafts downdrafts dissipating stage downdrafts. Question 146-38
Freezing fog consists of Supercooled water droplets. initial stage updrafts mature stage updrafts downdrafts dissipating stage downdrafts. Question 146-39
Clear ice dangerous because it Is heavy is difficult to remove from aircraft surfaces. clear ice large supercooled water droplets spreading(travel back) during freezing process gradually increasing weight difficult to remove. Question 146-40
Hoar frost forms on an aircraft as a result of Water vapour turning directly into ice crystals on aircraft surface. when surface temperature lower than dew point air in contact with surface will be saturated since dew point below 0°c water vapour will skip liquid stage form ice crystals on cold surface which called hoar frost example of hoar frost on a cessna aircraft on an airbus a319.
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