An observer on the northern hemisphere is under influence of the wind system of ? [ Certification weather ]

Question 141-1 : Continuously backing continuously veering initially backing then veering initially veering then backing

Admin .we are in the northern hemisphere around the depression low wind turns counterclockwise .the observer is north of the depression he sees the wind coming from the south to go north by passing east .the centre of the depression passes to the south of his position he sees the wind coming from east going to west by passing north for him the wind direction is continuously backing . 627

In a warm front occlusion ?

Question 141-2 : The warm air is lifted the warm front overtakes the cold front the warm front becomes a front aloft the cold air is lifted

exemple 245 The warm air is lifted. — Admin .with a warm occlusion cold front rides up and over the warm front the warm air is lifted . 512 The warm air is lifted.

An air mass is unstable when ?

Question 141-3 : An ascending parcel of air continues to rise to a considerable height temperature and humidity are not constant pressure shows a marked variation over a given horizontal area temperature increases with height

An air mass is stable when ?

Question 141-4 : Lifted air returns to its original level temperature in a given area drops off very rapidly with height pressure is constant the lapse rate is 1°c per 100 m

exemple 253 Lifted air returns to its original level. — Lifted air returns to its original level.

The weather most likely to be experienced at position 'r' is . 326 ?

Question 141-5 : Fine and warm at first ac castellanus and cb in late afternoon with thunderstorms early morning fog lifting to low stratus increasing amounts of as and ns heavy rain overcast with drizzle and hill fog

exemple 257 Fine and warm at first, ac castellanus and cb in late afternoon with thunderstorms. — Admin .it's summer time over england few isobars and we are between low and high pressure .not much wind we do not expect any front over our position for the next hours most probably weather will be convective activity nice for the gliders this could produces ac castellanus and cb in late afternoon with thunderstorms Fine and warm at first, ac castellanus and cb in late afternoon with thunderstorms.

An occlusion has the characteristics of a warm front when ?

Question 141-6 : The cold air behind is warmer than the cold air ahead the cold air behind is colder than the cold air ahead the cold air behind is lifted by the warm air the cold air ahead is lifted

exemple 261 The cold air behind is warmer than the cold air ahead. — Admin .you have cool air behind and cold air ahead . 512.with a warm occlusion cold front rides up and over the warm front the warm air is lifted The cold air behind is warmer than the cold air ahead.

An unstable air mass will normally be characterised by ?

Question 141-7 : Cumuliform cloud and good visibility except in precipitation stratiform cloud continuous light rain from medium level layer cloud poor visibility due to haze at the lower levels

exemple 265 Cumuliform cloud and good visibility except in precipitation — Cumuliform cloud and good visibility except in precipitation

Cold air pools ?

Question 141-8 : Are most evident in the temperature and wind fields of the upper levels can easily be recognized on synoptic surface charts only occur at mid latitudes only occur in winter

exemple 269 Are most evident in the temperature and wind fields of the upper levels. — Admin .a cold pool is a meteorologic term for a cold air block it is an area with light or no wind low temperature it is a place of instability and convective activity .a cold air pool can be best identified by means of the isohypses on an upper air chart .isohypses contour lines are drawn on a constant pressure chart therefore they indicate the true altitude of a pressure level on an upper air chart as it includes temperature and wind indications you can easily identify a cold air pool you will have an area with light or no wind low temperature Are most evident in the temperature and wind fields of the upper levels.

Considering the north atlantic between 30°n and 65°n the mean position of the ?

Question 141-9 : Florida to sw england newfoundland to iceland iceland to norway ne canada to portugal

exemple 273 Florida to sw england. — Admin .from summer to winter the polar front over the north atlantic moves towards the south . 585.between 30°n and 65°n in winter . low pressure systems centered over iceland / greenland . high pressure systems centered over azores siberia . the polar front extends from florida to sw england .between 30°n and 65°n in summer . low pressure systems centered over ne canada . high pressure systems centered over azores se usa sw europe . the polar front extends from newfoundland to n scotland Florida to sw england.

Considering the north atlantic region between 30°n and 65°n the mean position ?

Question 141-10 : Newfoundland to n scotland florida to sw england ne canada to iceland greenland to spain

exemple 277 Newfoundland to n scotland. — Admin .from winter to summer the polar front over the north atlantic moves towards the north . 598.between 30°n and 65°n in winter . low pressure systems centered over iceland / greenland . high pressure systems centered over azores siberia . the polar front extends from florida to sw england .between 30°n and 65°n in summer . low pressure systems centered over ne canada . high pressure systems centered over azores se usa sw europe . the polar front extends from newfoundland to n scotland Newfoundland to n scotland.

For an airfield located in the british isles the passage of a warm front will ?

Question 141-11 : Rise in temperature rise in dew point temperature wind veers and decreases a fall in temperature rise in dew point temperature wind backing and decreasing rapid improvement in visibility pressure falling rapidly wind veering and increasing rise in temperature rapid rise in pressure wind backs and becomes gusty

exemple 281 Rise in temperature, rise in dew point temperature, wind veers and decreases. — Admin . 567.ahead of a warm front in northern hemisphere as ahead of a cold front the wind veers in the friction layer and veers above the friction layer .on the passage of a warm front the temperature and dew point will rise the wind will veer and decrease there will not be a rapid improvement in visibility or a rapid fall in pressure Rise in temperature, rise in dew point temperature, wind veers and decreases.

In the weather pattern behind a cold front the visibility outside precipitation ?

Question 141-12 : Good and the precipitation is showers good and the precipitation is steady rain low and the precipitation is showers low and the precipitation is steady rain

exemple 285 Good and the precipitation is showers. — Admin . 614.in the weather pattern behind a cold front the visibility outside precipitation is good and the precipitation is showers Good and the precipitation is showers.

The passage of a warm front can be associated with areas of fog the types of ?

Question 141-13 : Frontal fog and advection fog advection fog and radiation fog arctic smoke and frontal fog advection fog and steaming fog

exemple 289 Frontal fog and advection fog. — Admin .radiation fog forms due to surface cooling at night in a light wind .steaming fog is the same as arctic smoke or sea smoke and is caused by cold air moving over a warm surface .advection fog forms when warm humid air flows over a cold surface .frontal fog is most likely to occur in advance of a warm front it is due to the rain falls from the warm air into the cold air Frontal fog and advection fog.

The pressure system indicated when in a vertical cross section the lower ?

Question 141-14 : Cold high pressure area cold low pressure area warm low pressure area warm high pressure area

exemple 293 Cold high pressure area. — Admin .you have a high pressure at the surface and low temperatures in the air . 604 Cold high pressure area.

The lowest cloud type observed is stratus fractus and there is moderate ?

Question 141-15 : The main body of the warm or cold front or of the occlusion behind the cold front the warm sector the high pressure area

exemple 297 The main body of the warm or cold front, or of the occlusion. — Admin . 622. 605 The main body of the warm or cold front, or of the occlusion.

What is signified if an occlusion is described as 'cold' ?

Question 141-16 : The air ahead of the associated warm front is less cold than the air behind the associated cold front it derives from a polar depression the air ahead of the associated warm front is colder than the air behind the associated cold front on meeting the warm front the cold front moves up the warm frontal surface

exemple 301 The air ahead of the associated warm front is less cold than the air behind the associated cold front. — Admin . 537.cold front 'lifts' the warm front up and over the very cold air The air ahead of the associated warm front is less cold than the air behind the associated cold front.

When a front has to cross a chain of mountains its activity ?

Question 141-17 : Strengthens 'upwind' of the mountains decreases when it reaches the mountains is not disturbed by the mountains ceases immediately

exemple 305 Strengthens 'upwind' of the mountains. — Strengthens 'upwind' of the mountains.

When flying at 5000 ft in the northern hemisphere over plains with an ?

Question 141-18 : A head wind from the left from the right a tail wind

exemple 309 A head wind. — Admin .if you stand with your back to the wind in the northern hemisphere low pressure is on your left buys ballot's law . 606.it means that an anticyclone is on your right and a depression is on your left .but if you turn yourself to have the anticyclone on your left and the depression on your right the wind will be a head wind . 607 A head wind.

What type of weather can usually be expected in a polar maritime air mass over ?

Question 141-19 : Showers and good visibility continuous rain and poor visibility drizzle and low stratus sky clear

exemple 313 Showers and good visibility. — Admin .a polar maritime air mass originates over the northern part of the north atlantic ocean it is unstable cool and moist air and can produce anything from cumulus to cumulonimbus with showers and sunny spells in between . 611 Showers and good visibility.

Which statement is correct for a warm occlusion ?

Question 141-20 : The cold front becomes a front aloft the warm front overtakes the cold front the warm front becomes a front aloft both fronts become fronts aloft

exemple 317 The cold front becomes a front aloft. — Admin . 628.with a warm occlusion the warmer of the cold air masses is doing the pushing from the back so it cannot 'burrow' under the colder air ahead and so it 'slides' up the warm front surface The cold front becomes a front aloft.

The air mass in the warm sector of a polar front is ?

Question 141-21 : Tropical air polar air arctic air equatorial air

exemple 321 Tropical air. — Admin .the polar front is the boundary between polar air and tropical air . 481.warm sector is tropical air mass .air behind the polar front is cold this is the polar air mass Tropical air.

Which two air masses are most likely to govern weather in western europe ?

Question 141-22 : Maritime tropical warm and maritime polar cold continental tropical warm and continental polar cold maritime tropical warm and continental polar cold maritime polar warm and continental tropical warm

exemple 325 Maritime tropical warm and maritime polar cold. — Maritime tropical warm and maritime polar cold.

The air masses that are observed most frequently over western europe are ?

Question 141-23 : Polar air and tropical air arctic air and polar air polar air and equatorial air arctic air and tropical air

exemple 329 Polar air and tropical air. — Polar air and tropical air.

Which type of air mass never occurs over central europe ?

Question 141-24 : Equatorial air arctic air polar air tropical air

exemple 333 Equatorial air. — Equatorial air.

The weather most likely to be experienced at position 'b' is . 327 ?

Question 141-25 : Frequent showers of rain or snow advection fog and drizzle poor visibility in anticyclonic circulation early morning fog lifting to low stratus later

exemple 337 Frequent showers of rain or snow. — Admin .a cold front has passed over position 'b' few hours ago we are in the cold sector behind the cold front . 614.in the weather pattern behind a cold front the visibility outside precipitation is good and the precipitation is showers in march rain or snow Frequent showers of rain or snow.

During summer the cloud type most applicable to square 2a is . 328 ?

Question 141-26 : Cb ac st cs

The cloud type most applicable to square 2b is . 332 ?

Question 141-27 : Cb cs st sc

exemple 345 Cb. — Admin .square 2b is from fl70 to fl180 in this square you can not find any cirrostratus cs high level or stratus and stratoscumulus st and sc low level it remains cb and the cb would be just ahead of the cold front .the magic drawing . 622.each question asking for weather in square 2b have four different possible answers .in square 2b you can be in the cb or above the stratus in square 3b in clear and stable conditions .you will not have a question with the two answers available Cb.

The cloud type most applicable to square 2c is . 332 ?

Question 141-28 : As cs cb cu

The cloud type most applicable to square 1e is . 332 ?

Question 141-29 : Cs cb ns sc

The front at the bottom of the diagram south of position c is . 333 ?

Question 141-30 : An occlusion on the surface a warm front an occlusion above the surface a cold front

exemple 357 An occlusion on the surface. — Admin . 613 An occlusion on the surface.

The weather most likely to be experienced at position 'b' is . 334 ?

Question 141-31 : Frequent showers of rain or snow good visibility outside showers scattered stratocumulus with good visibility mainly overcast with stratus or stratocumulus drizzle clear skies moderate wind good visibility

exemple 361 Frequent showers of rain or snow, good visibility outside showers — Admin .a cold front has passed over position 'b' few hours ago we are in the cold sector behind the cold front . 614.in the weather pattern behind a cold front the visibility outside precipitation is good and the precipitation is showers Frequent showers of rain or snow, good visibility outside showers

The air mass at position 'x' is most likely to be . 335 ?

Question 141-32 : Maritime tropical maritime polar continental polar continental tropical

exemple 365 Maritime tropical. — Admin .regarding the overall mass movement the air mass is coming from the ocean the isobars in the warm sector give an indication in the direction of the system until it occludes . 623.a large body of air will have the characteristics of its origin the source region particulary with regard to moisture and temperature in that a mass of air can originate from tropical or polar regions be warm or cold or be maritime or polar wet or dry Maritime tropical.

The weather most likely to be experienced near to position 'a' is . 336 ?

Question 141-33 : Frequent showers of rain and snow good visibility outside precipitation advection fog and drizzle overcast layer cloud rain later clear skies radiation fog at night

exemple 369 Frequent showers of rain and snow, good visibility outside precipitation. — Admin .a cold front has passed over position 'a' few hours ago we are in the cold sector behind the cold front . 614.in the weather pattern behind a cold front the visibility outside precipitation is good and the precipitation is showers Frequent showers of rain and snow, good visibility outside precipitation.

For an aircraft making an approach to an airfield located in square 3b away ?

Question 141-34 : Poor visibility in mist and drizzle scattered sc and cu good visibility generally overcast moderate continuous rain and risk of low level wind shear prolonged periods of heavy rain and hail

exemple 373 Poor visibility in mist and drizzle. — Admin . 622.in summer we could expect scattered sc and cu with good visibility in winter the cloud base would remain low over the land we gonna have poor visibility in mist and drizzle Poor visibility in mist and drizzle.

For an aircraft making an approach to an airfield located in square 3b the most ?

Question 141-35 : Low cloud mist moderate continuous rain showers of rain and hail scattered ac base 2000 ft good visibility

exemple 377 Low cloud, mist. — Admin .this is the warm sector . 622.once the warm front passes your location you will notice an increase in temperature and air pressure as the warm sector moves into your location you will notice an increase in the humidity of the air Low cloud, mist.

What flight conditions are most likely to be experienced in square 2b by an ?

Question 141-36 : Vmc above layers of st and sc generally stable conditions vmc below an overcast of as and cs generally smooth air imc in layers of as and isolated cb risk of severe turbulence and icing imc in ns with risk of light icing

exemple 381 Vmc above layers of st and sc, generally stable conditions. — Admin .in the middle of the warm sector we would expect to experience typical tropical maritime conditions .low stratus poor visibility and drizzle at the surface but at fl120 without frontal lifting action the aircraft would be in clear stable air and above the cloud layers .the magic drawing . 622.each question asking for weather in square 2b offer four different possible answers .in square 2b you can be in the cb or above the stratus located in square 3b in clear and stable conditions .you will not have a question with the two answers available Vmc above layers of st and sc, generally stable conditions.

The cloud type most applicable to most of square 3b is . 337 ?

Question 141-37 : Sc cs as ns

exemple 385 Sc. — Admin . 622.square 3b is from surface to fl70 in this square you can not find any cirrostratus cs high level cloud or altostratus as medium level cloud .you are in the middle of the warm sector in winter you will have stratus in summer the cloud may lift to give stratoscumulus sc low level cloud Sc.

For 1300 utc select a metar which you consider to be most appropriate to ?

Question 141-38 : 19010kt 6000 ra bkn016 ovc090 08/06 q1004= 24020kt 5000 ra bkn100 11/10 q1002= 18015kt 9999 sct020 03/01 q1000= 27030kt 8000 sct020 07/03 q1004=

exemple 389 19010kt 6000 ra bkn016 ovc090 08/06 q1004= — Lasanowc .i don't understand why this answer .as i can see the wind which blows along the isobars comes approximately from 240 .the difference between ovc090 and bkn100 is neglibile i think . .it's a good investigation .but from the isobars the wind comes from 220° .in northern hemisphere at mid latitude over land wind speed in friction layer decrease by 50% the wind in the friction layer blows across the isobars towards the low pressure angle between wind direction and isobars changes by 30° .220° 30° = 190° .there would be low stratus bkn016 and moderate visibility with rain the inclined plane of a warm front is 1/150 and the cloud coverage is very compact ovc . 615.warm front cross section 19010kt 6000 ra bkn016 ovc090 08/06 q1004=

The front labelled 'e' is a . 343 ?

Question 141-39 : Cold front warm front warm occlusion cold occlusion

The front located from 10°w to 10°e is most likely to be . 344 ?

Question 141-40 : A quasi stationary front an active warm front moving north an active occlusion moving south a cold front moving south

exemple 397 A quasi-stationary front. — A quasi-stationary front.

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