A pilot successfully completes a difficult and stressful landing at an aerodrome The next time a landing is attempted under the same conditions and ?
Preparation > civilian
Before take off a briefing ?
An example of conflict between status and role is ?
An experienced pilot Prepares thoroughly a flight is able to anticipate majority of possible problems. since pilot has successfully completed this difficult landing he gains self confidence the next time he will be better prepared to face dangers this will lead to a lower level of stress. 
Approximately of all communication achieved factors other than words meta communications Prepares thoroughly a flight is able to anticipate majority of possible problems. since pilot has successfully completed this difficult landing he gains self confidence the next time he will be better prepared to face dangers this will lead to a lower level of stress. 
Anxiety can affect 1 judgement2 attention3 memory4 concentration Prepares thoroughly a flight is able to anticipate majority of possible problems. since pilot has successfully completed this difficult landing he gains self confidence the next time he will be better prepared to face dangers this will lead to a lower level of stress. 
An unnoticed way point error entered in an aircraft data base an example of Latent failure/error. since pilot has successfully completed this difficult landing he gains self confidence the next time he will be better prepared to face dangers this will lead to a lower level of stress. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 8
An under confident and self effacing co pilot promoted to captain it not uncommon such a person have a behavioural pattern which Aggressive if challenged another member of crew. since pilot has successfully completed this difficult landing he gains self confidence the next time he will be better prepared to face dangers this will lead to a lower level of stress. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 9
An important aspect of situational awareness When a pilot's perception equals reality. situational awareness a term used to describe a persons awareness of their surroundings meaning of these surroundings a prediction of what these surroundings will mean in future then using this information to act situational awareness a key part of decision making process it important a pilot to have a full idea about what going on to make best decision possible each time. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 10
The phases of general adaption syndrome are Alarm resistance exhaustion. situational awareness a term used to describe a persons awareness of their surroundings meaning of these surroundings a prediction of what these surroundings will mean in future then using this information to act situational awareness a key part of decision making process it important a pilot to have a full idea about what going on to make best decision possible each time. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 11
The 'idea cockpit can be termed as Alarm resistance exhaustion. situational awareness a term used to describe a persons awareness of their surroundings meaning of these surroundings a prediction of what these surroundings will mean in future then using this information to act situational awareness a key part of decision making process it important a pilot to have a full idea about what going on to make best decision possible each time. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 12
The 'break point' that point after which if stress continues to rise Performance degraded. situational awareness a term used to describe a persons awareness of their surroundings meaning of these surroundings a prediction of what these surroundings will mean in future then using this information to act situational awareness a key part of decision making process it important a pilot to have a full idea about what going on to make best decision possible each time. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 13
The skill based rule based knowledge based model jens rasmussen associated with Performance degraded. situational awareness a term used to describe a persons awareness of their surroundings meaning of these surroundings a prediction of what these surroundings will mean in future then using this information to act situational awareness a key part of decision making process it important a pilot to have a full idea about what going on to make best decision possible each time. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 14
A captain running an autocratic cockpit normally Performance degraded. an autocratic cockpit described the captain's excessive authority considerably reducing communication consequently synergy cohesion of crew a captain running an autocratic cockpit normally overloaded an effective flight deck (synergetic cockpit) exists when decisions are taken the help participation of other crew members. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 15
A person's attitudes define a set of learned dispositions likes and dislikes which Influence a person's reaction response to people situations etc. an autocratic cockpit described the captain's excessive authority considerably reducing communication consequently synergy cohesion of crew a captain running an autocratic cockpit normally overloaded an effective flight deck (synergetic cockpit) exists when decisions are taken the help participation of other crew members. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 16
A leader who demonstrates a democratic and co operative style will deal with conflict Trying to clarify reasons causes of conflict with all persons involved. individuals who had a democratic cooperative leadership style scored significantly higher on personality variables of good impression self control tolerance achievement via independence than other leadership styles a leader who demonstrates a democratic co operative style will deal with conflict trying to clarify reasons causes of conflict with all persons involved. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 17
A captain running a 'laisser faire' cockpit will Make few suggestions or decisions. individuals who had a democratic cooperative leadership style scored significantly higher on personality variables of good impression self control tolerance achievement via independence than other leadership styles a leader who demonstrates a democratic co operative style will deal with conflict trying to clarify reasons causes of conflict with all persons involved. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 18
'stereotype are preconceptions or prejudices which can lead us to Mis judge individuals even if we have contact with them. individuals who had a democratic cooperative leadership style scored significantly higher on personality variables of good impression self control tolerance achievement via independence than other leadership styles a leader who demonstrates a democratic co operative style will deal with conflict trying to clarify reasons causes of conflict with all persons involved. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 19
'feedback' in communication implies that A is measured corrected against original meaning. take trouble to obtain feedback to ensure that what you are trying to communicate has been fully understood feedback should also be volunteered if here any possibility of a misunderstanding. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 20
'non verbal communication' Constitutes approximately 7 % of human communication. take trouble to obtain feedback to ensure that what you are trying to communicate has been fully understood feedback should also be volunteered if here any possibility of a misunderstanding. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 21
A pilot meets ground engineer in charge on apron although pilot has not been through flight preparation yet he nevertheless instructs engineer as to amount of fuel to be loaded since he used to flying this route this behaviour results from A decision bias due to habits (frequency bias). take trouble to obtain feedback to ensure that what you are trying to communicate has been fully understood feedback should also be volunteered if here any possibility of a misunderstanding. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 22
Which of following the best definition of episodic memory It the memory of events which are held in long term memory can be influenced suggestion. episodic memory the memory that gained through personal experience of events in our lives that have occurred at a specific time place episodic memory stored much like a video in our minds allows us to recall specific events such as remembering where we were what we were doing when terrorist attacks on world trade centre took place on september 11 2001 episodic memory very malleable can be influenced what we thought should have happened as opposed to what really did this can cause problems air accident investigators when they are trying to gather accurate details of what happened before during or after an accident a pilot a passenger who have experienced same incident may have different views on what happened although pilot may be more proficient in technical details required flying their recall of incident may be biased what they thought should have happened in such an event the passenger on other hand may be able to recall a much more accurate picture because of their lack of preconceptions involved with flight. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 23
Which of following true with reference to semantic memory It the meaning of words general knowledge of world it lasts a longer period of time tends to be more accurate than episodic memory. episodic memory the memory that gained through personal experience of events in our lives that have occurred at a specific time place episodic memory stored much like a video in our minds allows us to recall specific events such as remembering where we were what we were doing when terrorist attacks on world trade centre took place on september 11 2001 episodic memory very malleable can be influenced what we thought should have happened as opposed to what really did this can cause problems air accident investigators when they are trying to gather accurate details of what happened before during or after an accident a pilot a passenger who have experienced same incident may have different views on what happened although pilot may be more proficient in technical details required flying their recall of incident may be biased what they thought should have happened in such an event the passenger on other hand may be able to recall a much more accurate picture because of their lack of preconceptions involved with flight. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 24
How will successful completion of a stressful task affect a pilot's performance when a similar situation experienced in future The amount of stress experienced will be less. episodic memory the memory that gained through personal experience of events in our lives that have occurred at a specific time place episodic memory stored much like a video in our minds allows us to recall specific events such as remembering where we were what we were doing when terrorist attacks on world trade centre took place on september 11 2001 episodic memory very malleable can be influenced what we thought should have happened as opposed to what really did this can cause problems air accident investigators when they are trying to gather accurate details of what happened before during or after an accident a pilot a passenger who have experienced same incident may have different views on what happened although pilot may be more proficient in technical details required flying their recall of incident may be biased what they thought should have happened in such an event the passenger on other hand may be able to recall a much more accurate picture because of their lack of preconceptions involved with flight. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 25
What are two inputs to a simple model of stress The perceived demand of task to pilot the pilot's perceived ability to complete task. episodic memory the memory that gained through personal experience of events in our lives that have occurred at a specific time place episodic memory stored much like a video in our minds allows us to recall specific events such as remembering where we were what we were doing when terrorist attacks on world trade centre took place on september 11 2001 episodic memory very malleable can be influenced what we thought should have happened as opposed to what really did this can cause problems air accident investigators when they are trying to gather accurate details of what happened before during or after an accident a pilot a passenger who have experienced same incident may have different views on what happened although pilot may be more proficient in technical details required flying their recall of incident may be biased what they thought should have happened in such an event the passenger on other hand may be able to recall a much more accurate picture because of their lack of preconceptions involved with flight. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 26
During conflict resolution process it important to 1 realise and to accept conflict 2 verbalise mutual expectations 3 search common agreements 4 express one's own viewpoint 2 3 4 are correct. episodic memory the memory that gained through personal experience of events in our lives that have occurred at a specific time place episodic memory stored much like a video in our minds allows us to recall specific events such as remembering where we were what we were doing when terrorist attacks on world trade centre took place on september 11 2001 episodic memory very malleable can be influenced what we thought should have happened as opposed to what really did this can cause problems air accident investigators when they are trying to gather accurate details of what happened before during or after an accident a pilot a passenger who have experienced same incident may have different views on what happened although pilot may be more proficient in technical details required flying their recall of incident may be biased what they thought should have happened in such an event the passenger on other hand may be able to recall a much more accurate picture because of their lack of preconceptions involved with flight. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 27
From list below which answers are correct feedback gives information about 1 sender2 sender's intentions3 situation 2 3 4 are correct. episodic memory the memory that gained through personal experience of events in our lives that have occurred at a specific time place episodic memory stored much like a video in our minds allows us to recall specific events such as remembering where we were what we were doing when terrorist attacks on world trade centre took place on september 11 2001 episodic memory very malleable can be influenced what we thought should have happened as opposed to what really did this can cause problems air accident investigators when they are trying to gather accurate details of what happened before during or after an accident a pilot a passenger who have experienced same incident may have different views on what happened although pilot may be more proficient in technical details required flying their recall of incident may be biased what they thought should have happened in such an event the passenger on other hand may be able to recall a much more accurate picture because of their lack of preconceptions involved with flight. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 28
Which of following list of statements concerning stress are correct 1 stress an inevitable part of human life and in small amounts necessary to achieve optimum performance 2 each individual has a stress limit which if exceeded could result in inability to handle even a moderate workload 3 anxiety creates worry which may lead to stress 4 stress often perceived the brain as some form of threat which may cause adrenaline to be released into blood stream 2 3 4 are correct. episodic memory the memory that gained through personal experience of events in our lives that have occurred at a specific time place episodic memory stored much like a video in our minds allows us to recall specific events such as remembering where we were what we were doing when terrorist attacks on world trade centre took place on september 11 2001 episodic memory very malleable can be influenced what we thought should have happened as opposed to what really did this can cause problems air accident investigators when they are trying to gather accurate details of what happened before during or after an accident a pilot a passenger who have experienced same incident may have different views on what happened although pilot may be more proficient in technical details required flying their recall of incident may be biased what they thought should have happened in such an event the passenger on other hand may be able to recall a much more accurate picture because of their lack of preconceptions involved with flight. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 29
Which of following answers are correct concerning long term memory 1 long term memory can be affected expectation and suggestion2 long term memory also known as working memory3 long term memory limited to plus or minus 7 pieces of disassociated pieces of information4 long term memory where motor programmes skills are kept 2 3 4 are correct. Caestudent36 on page 153 of oxford aviation books mentioned 'it would occur that easa concur with latter viewpoint thus these notes have included procedural memory as part of long term memory' procedural memory=motor programmes. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 30
Stress can be defined as The unresolved pressure strain or force acting upon an individuas physical or mental systems the human response. Caestudent36 on page 153 of oxford aviation books mentioned 'it would occur that easa concur with latter viewpoint thus these notes have included procedural memory as part of long term memory' procedural memory=motor programmes. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 31
What meant 'passive monitoring' in terms of automation complacency A pilot watching what going on rather than analysing constantly checking. Caestudent36 on page 153 of oxford aviation books mentioned 'it would occur that easa concur with latter viewpoint thus these notes have included procedural memory as part of long term memory' procedural memory=motor programmes. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 32
Which of following an example of human underload An unexpectedly poor landing at an airfield with which pilot familiar in perfect weather conditions. the weather not a problem airfield well known the pilot even that pilot made a poor landing it an example of human underload the situation not enough complicated to maintain pilot's maximum performance. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 33
What physical symptoms can be attributed to stress Insomnia loss of appetite a dry mouth. the weather not a problem airfield well known the pilot even that pilot made a poor landing it an example of human underload the situation not enough complicated to maintain pilot's maximum performance. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 34
Group norms Regulate interaction the behaviour between members of a group. the weather not a problem airfield well known the pilot even that pilot made a poor landing it an example of human underload the situation not enough complicated to maintain pilot's maximum performance. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 35
Motivation crew climate and 'confirmation bia are factors that Can influence situational awareness. the weather not a problem airfield well known the pilot even that pilot made a poor landing it an example of human underload the situation not enough complicated to maintain pilot's maximum performance. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 36
In alarm stage of response to stress what does body do Recognises stressor prepares body action. alarm stage first stage of stress response where organism meet face to face with stressor (cause of stress) mobilizing energy organism need to protect us from stressor (stimulus that provokes a stress response) initiate alarm reaction 'fight or flight' reaction adrenaline will be releases some activation make cortisol this reaction can provoke both good bad events only in that phase we can talk about eustress (happy stress like winning game) in alarm stage stress response helps us to protect our self giving us extra strength to defend our self we are rising to challenges stay focused energetic(burst of energy) alert work hard react quickly. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 37
What 'automation complacency' The circumstance where monitoring cross checking reduced because of belief in infallibility of automatic systems. alarm stage first stage of stress response where organism meet face to face with stressor (cause of stress) mobilizing energy organism need to protect us from stressor (stimulus that provokes a stress response) initiate alarm reaction 'fight or flight' reaction adrenaline will be releases some activation make cortisol this reaction can provoke both good bad events only in that phase we can talk about eustress (happy stress like winning game) in alarm stage stress response helps us to protect our self giving us extra strength to defend our self we are rising to challenges stay focused energetic(burst of energy) alert work hard react quickly. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 38
Why are mnemonics are used in aviation Because they help to increase retention of information. alarm stage first stage of stress response where organism meet face to face with stressor (cause of stress) mobilizing energy organism need to protect us from stressor (stimulus that provokes a stress response) initiate alarm reaction 'fight or flight' reaction adrenaline will be releases some activation make cortisol this reaction can provoke both good bad events only in that phase we can talk about eustress (happy stress like winning game) in alarm stage stress response helps us to protect our self giving us extra strength to defend our self we are rising to challenges stay focused energetic(burst of energy) alert work hard react quickly. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 39
Incorrect perception Can be highly persuasive. alarm stage first stage of stress response where organism meet face to face with stressor (cause of stress) mobilizing energy organism need to protect us from stressor (stimulus that provokes a stress response) initiate alarm reaction 'fight or flight' reaction adrenaline will be releases some activation make cortisol this reaction can provoke both good bad events only in that phase we can talk about eustress (happy stress like winning game) in alarm stage stress response helps us to protect our self giving us extra strength to defend our self we are rising to challenges stay focused energetic(burst of energy) alert work hard react quickly. Question Basic Aviation Psychology 121 Answer 40
Which of following statements correct Short term memory affected interruptions. alarm stage first stage of stress response where organism meet face to face with stressor (cause of stress) mobilizing energy organism need to protect us from stressor (stimulus that provokes a stress response) initiate alarm reaction 'fight or flight' reaction adrenaline will be releases some activation make cortisol this reaction can provoke both good bad events only in that phase we can talk about eustress (happy stress like winning game) in alarm stage stress response helps us to protect our self giving us extra strength to defend our self we are rising to challenges stay focused energetic(burst of energy) alert work hard react quickly.
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