In the Alarm stage of response to stress what does the body do ?
Preparation > civilian
What is 'automation complacency' ?
Why are mnemonics are used in aviation ?
Incorrect perception Can be highly persuasive. alarm stage first stage of stress response where organism meet face to face with stressor (cause of stress) mobilizing energy organism need to protect us from stressor (stimulus that provokes a stress response) initiate alarm reaction 'fight or flight' reaction adrenaline will be releases some activation make cortisol this reaction can provoke both good bad events only in that phase we can talk about eustress (happy stress like winning game) in alarm stage stress response helps us to protect our self giving us extra strength to defend our self we are rising to challenges stay focused energetic(burst of energy) alert work hard react quickly. 
Which of following statements correct Short term memory affected interruptions. alarm stage first stage of stress response where organism meet face to face with stressor (cause of stress) mobilizing energy organism need to protect us from stressor (stimulus that provokes a stress response) initiate alarm reaction 'fight or flight' reaction adrenaline will be releases some activation make cortisol this reaction can provoke both good bad events only in that phase we can talk about eustress (happy stress like winning game) in alarm stage stress response helps us to protect our self giving us extra strength to defend our self we are rising to challenges stay focused energetic(burst of energy) alert work hard react quickly. 
Perception based upon Information received as well as past experience knowledge. alarm stage first stage of stress response where organism meet face to face with stressor (cause of stress) mobilizing energy organism need to protect us from stressor (stimulus that provokes a stress response) initiate alarm reaction 'fight or flight' reaction adrenaline will be releases some activation make cortisol this reaction can provoke both good bad events only in that phase we can talk about eustress (happy stress like winning game) in alarm stage stress response helps us to protect our self giving us extra strength to defend our self we are rising to challenges stay focused energetic(burst of energy) alert work hard react quickly. 
Non verbal communication Can serve as a substitute oral speech. alarm stage first stage of stress response where organism meet face to face with stressor (cause of stress) mobilizing energy organism need to protect us from stressor (stimulus that provokes a stress response) initiate alarm reaction 'fight or flight' reaction adrenaline will be releases some activation make cortisol this reaction can provoke both good bad events only in that phase we can talk about eustress (happy stress like winning game) in alarm stage stress response helps us to protect our self giving us extra strength to defend our self we are rising to challenges stay focused energetic(burst of energy) alert work hard react quickly. Question 120-8
The individuas personality Refers to unique psychological characteristics. alarm stage first stage of stress response where organism meet face to face with stressor (cause of stress) mobilizing energy organism need to protect us from stressor (stimulus that provokes a stress response) initiate alarm reaction 'fight or flight' reaction adrenaline will be releases some activation make cortisol this reaction can provoke both good bad events only in that phase we can talk about eustress (happy stress like winning game) in alarm stage stress response helps us to protect our self giving us extra strength to defend our self we are rising to challenges stay focused energetic(burst of energy) alert work hard react quickly. Question 120-9
With reference to relationship between arousal and performance highest level of performance achieved when arousal level Refers to unique psychological characteristics. Arousal a major aspect of many learning theories is closely related to other concepts such as anxiety attention agitation stress motivation the arousal level can be thought of as how much capacity you have available to work with one finding with respect to arousal the yerkes dodson law (named after researchers who discovered it) which predicts an inverted u shaped function between arousal performance. Question 120-10
What are two main categories of fatigue Refers to unique psychological characteristics. Arousal a major aspect of many learning theories is closely related to other concepts such as anxiety attention agitation stress motivation the arousal level can be thought of as how much capacity you have available to work with one finding with respect to arousal the yerkes dodson law (named after researchers who discovered it) which predicts an inverted u shaped function between arousal performance. Question 120-11
What the relationship between perceived level of arousal and difficulty of a task to be completed At outset level of arousal should be within optimum range therefore at a level where performance does not suffer. Arousal a major aspect of many learning theories is closely related to other concepts such as anxiety attention agitation stress motivation the arousal level can be thought of as how much capacity you have available to work with one finding with respect to arousal the yerkes dodson law (named after researchers who discovered it) which predicts an inverted u shaped function between arousal performance. Question 120-12
High arousal leads to Faster but less accurate responses. when humans are pressured to respond quickly chance of making an error increases this phenomenon know as speed accuracy trade off conditions that increase level of arousal will lead to faster but less accurate responses high arousal leads to faster but less accurate responses a higher stimulation leads to a faster more precise decision. Question 120-13
During decision making process in cockpit The amount of time available has a large influence on analysis of situation. when humans are pressured to respond quickly chance of making an error increases this phenomenon know as speed accuracy trade off conditions that increase level of arousal will lead to faster but less accurate responses high arousal leads to faster but less accurate responses a higher stimulation leads to a faster more precise decision. Question 120-14
A higher stimulation leads to A faster more precise decision. high arousal leads to faster but less accurate responses a higher stimulation leads to a faster more precise decision. Question 120-15
The probability to suffer from air sickness higher when The passenger or student afraid and/or demotivated to fly. high arousal leads to faster but less accurate responses a higher stimulation leads to a faster more precise decision. Question 120-16
According to wicken's theory human brain has Different reservoirs of resources depending on whether one in information gathering information processing or action phase. high arousal leads to faster but less accurate responses a higher stimulation leads to a faster more precise decision. Question 120-17
What are typical consequences of conflicts between crew members 1 quality of work performance decreases as a result of impoverishment of communications2 a decrease in quality of communications3 in case of a crew made up of experts conflicts only result in a deterioration in relations between individuals4 a decrease in usage of available resources on flight deckthe correct statement s are Different reservoirs of resources depending on whether one in information gathering information processing or action phase. high arousal leads to faster but less accurate responses a higher stimulation leads to a faster more precise decision. Question 120-18
Which of following statements best characterise a self centered cockpit Without taking note of what other members are doing each one does his own thing while at same time assuming that everyone aware of what being done or what going on. high arousal leads to faster but less accurate responses a higher stimulation leads to a faster more precise decision. Question 120-19
How does motivation affect an individual completing a task Motivation reflects difference between what an individual can do what individual will do. high arousal leads to faster but less accurate responses a higher stimulation leads to a faster more precise decision. Question 120-20
What a skill The capacity to accomplish successfully something requiring special knowledge or ability. high arousal leads to faster but less accurate responses a higher stimulation leads to a faster more precise decision. Question 120-21
What a motor program with respect to completing a task A behavioural sub routine which once running does not require conscious thought. high arousal leads to faster but less accurate responses a higher stimulation leads to a faster more precise decision. Question 120-22
Regarding forms of learning what understood modeling Completing a task imitation. high arousal leads to faster but less accurate responses a higher stimulation leads to a faster more precise decision. Question 120-23
What learning Gaining knowledge through study past experience. high arousal leads to faster but less accurate responses a higher stimulation leads to a faster more precise decision. Question 120-24
With which risk skill based behaviour associated Gaining knowledge through study past experience. Ecqb03 july 2016 action slip (habit) can be a major cause or error in skill based behaviour example checking gears on finals calling 'three green can become a habit because it done so many times this can be dangerous if pilot calls 'three green as a habit without actually having monitored indications. Question 120-25
One of main positive capabilities in an individuas decision making process Gaining knowledge through study past experience. Ecqb03 july 2016 action slip (habit) can be a major cause or error in skill based behaviour example checking gears on finals calling 'three green can become a habit because it done so many times this can be dangerous if pilot calls 'three green as a habit without actually having monitored indications. Question 120-26
One of ways human error in aviation currently being addressed by 'error tolerance' what error tolerance The understanding of human limitations determining how to live with errors. Ecqb03 july 2016 action slip (habit) can be a major cause or error in skill based behaviour example checking gears on finals calling 'three green can become a habit because it done so many times this can be dangerous if pilot calls 'three green as a habit without actually having monitored indications. Question 120-27
An important contributor to human error a false hypothesis or mistaken assumption what should a pilot be aware of once he has made a decision The pilot should monitor carefully evidence which contradicts his decision. Ecqb03 july 2016 action slip (habit) can be a major cause or error in skill based behaviour example checking gears on finals calling 'three green can become a habit because it done so many times this can be dangerous if pilot calls 'three green as a habit without actually having monitored indications. Question 120-28
Which of following list are advantages of teamwork 1 personality clashes2 workload reduced sharing3 work stress should be reduced4 conformity5 a decision arrived at a group likely to be better quality than that derived an individual The pilot should monitor carefully evidence which contradicts his decision. Ecqb03 july 2016 action slip (habit) can be a major cause or error in skill based behaviour example checking gears on finals calling 'three green can become a habit because it done so many times this can be dangerous if pilot calls 'three green as a habit without actually having monitored indications. Question 120-29
What meant the term 'followership' The ability of an individual to effectively support a recognised leader being a good team player. Ecqb03 july 2016 action slip (habit) can be a major cause or error in skill based behaviour example checking gears on finals calling 'three green can become a habit because it done so many times this can be dangerous if pilot calls 'three green as a habit without actually having monitored indications. Question 120-30
The behaviour of a group can be affected a number of factors including Persuasion conformity compliance obedience. Ecqb03 july 2016 action slip (habit) can be a major cause or error in skill based behaviour example checking gears on finals calling 'three green can become a habit because it done so many times this can be dangerous if pilot calls 'three green as a habit without actually having monitored indications. Question 120-31
What the main purpose of a checklist To enable crew to carry out a procedure in a well defined orderly manner. Ecqb03 july 2016 action slip (habit) can be a major cause or error in skill based behaviour example checking gears on finals calling 'three green can become a habit because it done so many times this can be dangerous if pilot calls 'three green as a habit without actually having monitored indications. Question 120-32
What the time limit between a pilot going snorkeling and beginning of his flight duty To enable crew to carry out a procedure in a well defined orderly manner. Ecqb03 july 2016 action slip (habit) can be a major cause or error in skill based behaviour example checking gears on finals calling 'three green can become a habit because it done so many times this can be dangerous if pilot calls 'three green as a habit without actually having monitored indications. Question 120-33
At a certain position temperature on 300 hpa chart 48°c according to tropopause chart tropopause at fl 330 what the most likely temperature at fl 350 To enable crew to carry out a procedure in a well defined orderly manner. 300 hpa = fl300 gap between fl300 fl330 3000 ft the decrease in temperature per 1000 feet 2°c at fl330 temperature is 48°c + ( 6°) = 54°c tropopause at fl330 the temperature remains constant above tropopause so at fl350 54°c. Question 120-34
Which fl corresponds with 200 hpa pressure level To enable crew to carry out a procedure in a well defined orderly manner. there a few questions in exam that take information directly from that table below write these down on a sticky have them on wall beside you 1013 hpa = msl 850 hpa = fl50 700 hpa = fl100 500 hpa = fl180 300 hpa = fl300 200 hpa = fl390 any others you can interpolate between these figure it out the decrease of 1hpa/27ft only applicable at lower levels of troposphere as you go up air pressure decreases change of height per 1 hpa increases (at msl 1hpa/27ft at fl180 it's 50ft/hpa at fl390 it's 105ft/hpa). Question 120-35
What the approximate vertical interval which equal to a pressure change of 1 hpa at an altitude of 5500 m To enable crew to carry out a procedure in a well defined orderly manner. V the decrease of 1 hpa/27ft only applicable at lower levels of troposphere as you go up air pressure decreases change of height per 1 hpa increases (at msl 1 hpa/27ft at fl180 it's 50 ft/hpa at fl390 it's 105 ft/hpa) fl180 = 18000 ft = approximately 5500 m. Question 120-36
The temperature at fl 140 12°c what will temperature be at fl 110 if icao standard lapse rate applied To enable crew to carry out a procedure in a well defined orderly manner. the temperature lapse rates of troposphere (mean value) 0 65°c/100 m or 2°c/1000 ft in isa temperature at fl140 should be 15° (2x14) = 13°c as current temperature at that level 12°c you can say that at fl140 it currently isa+1 therefore at fl110 15° (2x11)= 7°c +1 (from isa+1) = 6°c. Question 120-37
If atmospheric conditions exist such that temperature deviation isa +10°c in lower troposphere up to 18000 ft what the actual layer thickness between fl 60 and fl 120 To enable crew to carry out a procedure in a well defined orderly manner. the following rules shall be considered altimetry calculations the value the barometric lapse rate near mean sea level 27 ft (8 m) per 1 hpa to determine true altitude/height following rule of thumb called '4% rule' shall be used (the altitude/height changes 4% each 10°c temperature deviation from isa) the air mass hotter than isa density lower layer must be thicker than 6000 ft 4% x 1 x 6000 = 240 ft 6000 + 240 = 6240 ft. Question 120-38
How does height of tropopause normally vary with latitude in northern hemisphere It decreases from south to north. n northern hemisphere tropopause decreases from south to north in southern hemisphere it decreases from north to south. Question 120-39
What approximately the average height of tropopause over equator It decreases from south to north. 16 km approximately average height of tropopause over equator. Question 120-40
In which layer most of atmospheric humidity concentrated It decreases from south to north. .
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