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Exam > pilot : A pilot accustomed to landing on a wide runway may find when approaching to a ?

Question 104-1 : Greater height than he actually is with the tendency to land short lower than actual height with the tendency to overshoot greater height and the impression of landing short lower height and the impression of landing slow

. /com en/com040 114 jpg.the width of the runway may cause incorrect height judgements on the final approach a pilot used to a standard width runway may when approaching an unfamiliar airfield with a narrow runway judge he is too high and therefore round out on too low an approach exemple 204 greater height than he actually is with the tendency to land short.greater height than he actually is with the tendency to land short.

Flickering light when reflected from spinning rotor blades ?

Question 104-2 : Can cause spatial disorientation and/or nausea has no effect can be avoided when the strobe lights are switched on should be avoided because it may destroy the optic nerve

exemple 208 can cause spatial disorientation and/or nausea.can cause spatial disorientation and/or nausea.

Alcohol even when taken in minor quantities ?

Question 104-3 : Can make the brain cells to be more susceptible to hypoxia will stimulate the brain making the pilot resistant to hypoxia will have no effect at all may improve the mental functions so that the symptoms of hypoxia are much better to be identified

exemple 212 can make the brain cells to be more susceptible to hypoxia.can make the brain cells to be more susceptible to hypoxia.

A pilot approaching a runway which is narrower than normal may feel he is at a ?

Question 104-4 : Flatter than normal approach with the tendency to undershoot compensatory glide path and land long compensatory glide path and stall out higher than normal approach with the tendency to overshoot

. /com en/com040 114 jpg.the width of the runway may cause incorrect height judgements on the final approach .a pilot used to a standard width runway may when approaching an airfield with a narrow runway judge he is too high and therefore performs a low approach with undershoot. /com en/com040 74 jpg. exemple 216 flatter than normal approach with the tendency to undershoot.flatter than normal approach with the tendency to undershoot.

The proprioceptive senses 'seat of the pants sense' ?

Question 104-5 : May give incorrect information when outside visual reference is lost is a natural human instinct always indicating the correct attitude can be used if trained to avoid spatial disorientation in imc can neither be used for motor coordination in imc and vmc

exemple 220 may give incorrect information, when outside visual reference is lost.may give incorrect information, when outside visual reference is lost.

When assessing an individual's risk of developing coronary artery disease the ?

Question 104-6 : 1 2 3 and 4 are correct 2 and 3 are correct 1 and 4 are false only 3 is correct 1 2 and 4 are false 1 2 and 3 are correct 4 is false

exemple 224 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct.1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct.

The metabolisation of alcohol ?

Question 104-7 : Is a question of time is accelerated by consuming alcohol with a meal can be accelerated even more by coffee can be influenced by easily obtained medication

exemple 228 is a question of time.is a question of time.

What does not impair the function of the photosensitive cells ?

Question 104-8 : High speed oxygen deficiency acceleration toxic influence alcohol nicotine medication

.the human retina has approximately 5 million cones and 120 million rods .signals from the rods and cones converge on ganglion and bipolar cells for preprocessing before they are sent to the lateral geniculate nucleus at the 'center' of the retina the point directly behind the lens is the fovea which contains only cone photoreceptor cells this is the region capable of producing the highest visual acuity .oxygen deficiency acceleration positive or negative and poisons cause disturbances exemple 232 high speed.high speed.

The fovea is ?

Question 104-9 : The area of best day vision and no night vision at all the area of the blind spot optic disc where the optic nerves come together with the pupil the area of best day vision and best night vision

exemple 236 the area of best day vision and no night vision at all.the area of best day vision and no night vision at all.

In order to completely resynchronise with local time after zone crossing ?

Question 104-10 : Less time when flying from east to west more time when flying from east to west about one day per 2 5 hours of time shift about one week per 2 5 hours of time shift

exemple 240 less time when flying from east to west.less time when flying from east to west.

The retina of the eye ?

Question 104-11 : Is the light sensitive inner lining of the eye containing the photoreceptors essential for vision filters the uv light is the muscle changing the size of the crystalline lens only regulates the light that falls into the eye

exemple 244 is the light-sensitive inner lining of the eye containing the photoreceptors essential for vision.is the light-sensitive inner lining of the eye containing the photoreceptors essential for vision.

Which force s affect s the otoliths in the utriculus and sacculus ?

Question 104-12 : Gravity and linear acceleration gravity alone linear acceleration and angular acceleration angular acceleration

.the utricle is sensitive to a change in horizontal movement .the saccule gives information about linear acceleration such as when in an elevator exemple 248 gravity and linear acceleration.gravity and linear acceleration.

Flying a coordinated level turn will ?

Question 104-13 : Make the body's pressure receptors feel an increased pressure along the body's vertical axis first give the impression of climb then the impression of descent make the blood being pooled in the head make the seat of the pants sense feel a decreased pressure along the body's vertical axis

exemple 252 make the body's pressure receptors feel an increased pressure along the body's vertical axis.make the body's pressure receptors feel an increased pressure along the body's vertical axis.

Which sensations does a pilot get when he is rolling out of a prolonged level ?

Question 104-14 : Turning in the opposite direction flying straight and level climbing turning into the original direction

exemple 256 turning in the opposite direction.turning in the opposite direction.

How can a pilot overcome vertigo encountered during a real or simulated ?

Question 104-15 : 1 2 and 3 are correct 1 2 3 and 4 are correct only 4 is correct 1and 2 are correct 3 and 4 are false

exemple 260 1, 2 and 3 are correct.1, 2 and 3 are correct.

A large number of medical preparations can be bought without a doctor's ?

Question 104-16 : A pilot using any of these preparations should get professional advice from an aviation medical specialist if he intends to fly and self medicate at the same time they have no side effects which would give problems to a pilot during flight the side effects of these types of preparations are sufficiently negligible as to be ignored by pilots they will cause a condition of over arousal

exemple 264 a pilot using any of these preparations should get professional advice from an aviation medical specialist if he intends to fly and self-medicate at the same time.a pilot using any of these preparations should get professional advice from an aviation medical specialist if he intends to fly and self-medicate at the same time.

The total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial ?

Question 104-17 : Dalton's law graham's law henry's law boyle mariotte's law

.dalton's law states that the pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the partial pressures of its constituents .for information the amount of oxygen transfered into the blood in the alveoli depends on the partial pressure of oxygen and when the partial pressure of oxygen is too low we become hypoxic exemple 268 dalton's law.dalton's law.

Carbon monoxide is always present in the exhaust gases of engines if a pilot is ?

Question 104-18 : A short exposure to relatively high concentrations of carbon monoxide can seriously affect a pilot's ability to operate an aircraft carbon monoxide is easily recognised by odour and taste carbon monoxide can only affect pilots if they are exposed to it for a long period of time when exposed to carbon monoxide for a long period of time the body will adapt to it and no adverse physical effects are experienced

exemple 272 a short exposure to relatively high concentrations of carbon monoxide can seriously affect a pilot's ability to operate an aircraft.a short exposure to relatively high concentrations of carbon monoxide can seriously affect a pilot's ability to operate an aircraft.

When stopping the rotation of a spin we have the sensation ?

Question 104-19 : That we are starting a spin in the opposite direction of turning in the same direction of the sharp dipping of the nose of the aircraft of the immediate stabilization of the aircraft

exemple 276 that we are starting a spin in the opposite direction.that we are starting a spin in the opposite direction.

The human ear is capable of perceiving vibrations between the frequencies ?

Question 104-20 : 20 20000 hz 0 16 hz 20000 40000 hz 30 15000 db

exemple 280 20 - 20000 hz.20 - 20000 hz.

The intensity of a sound is measured in ?

Question 104-21 : Decibels hertz cycles per second curies

exemple 284 decibels.decibels.

The ozone layer is situated in the ?

Question 104-22 : Stratosphere troposphere thermosphere ionosphere

exemple 288 stratosphere.stratosphere.

The barometric pressure has dropped to 1/2 of the pressure at sea level at ?

Question 104-23 : 18 000 feet 10 000 feet 25 000 feet 30 000 feet

.at mean sea level standard pressure is 1013 hpa.at 5000 ft = 850 hpa.at 10000 ft = 700 hpa.at 18000 ft = 500 hpa.at 30000 ft = 300 hpa exemple 292 18 000 feet.18 000 feet.

Which of the following laws explains bubbles of nitrogen coming out of solution ?

Question 104-24 : Henry's law gay lussac's law boyle's law dalton's law

exemple 296 henry's law.henry's law.

The main function of the red blood cells is ?

Question 104-25 : To transport oxygen to participate in the process of coagulation of the blood the cellular defence of the body to contribute to the immune response of the body

exemple 300 to transport oxygen.to transport oxygen.

Altitude hypoxia when breathing ambient air should not usually occur ?

Question 104-26 : Below 3000 m up to 5000 m between 3000 m and 5000 m between 5000 m and 7000 m

exemple 304 below 3000 m.below 3000 m.

'the bends' as a symptom of decompression sickness consists of ?

Question 104-27 : Pain in the joints pain in the thorax and a cough cns disturbances loss of peripheral vision

exemple 308 pain in the joints.pain in the joints.

The type of hypoxia which occurs at altitude is a explained by ?

Question 104-28 : Dalton's law boyle mariotte's law henry's law graham's law

.dalton's law tells us that the total pressure of any mixture of gases with constant temperature and volume is the sum of the individual pressures also called partial pressure of each gas in the mixture also partial pressure of each gas is proportional to that gas's percentage of the total mixture because the percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere remains constant at 21% dalton's law lets us calculate the partial pressure of the oxygen in the atmosphere at any altitude.the human body is affected by the pressure of the gases in the atmosphere the partial pressure of oxygen and to a lesser extent other gases available in the surrounding air is important in determining the onset and severity of hypoxia exemple 312 dalton's law.dalton's law.

Carbon monoxide a product of incomplete combustion is toxic because ?

Question 104-29 : It competes with oxygen in its union with haemoglobin it prevents the absorption of food from the digestive tract it prevents the excretion of catabolites in the kidneys it disturbs gaseous diffusion at the alveoli capillary membrane

exemple 316 it competes with oxygen in its union with haemoglobin.it competes with oxygen in its union with haemoglobin.

Hyperventilation causes ?

Question 104-30 : A reduction of carbon dioxide in the blood an excess of carbon dioxide in the blood acidosis hypochondria

Franck .when you hyperventilate you loose carbon dioxide from the lungs the way to treat it is to breath into a paper bag to breath back the carbon dioxide you're exhaling and to calm down exemple 320 a reduction of carbon dioxide in the blood.a reduction of carbon dioxide in the blood.

Anxiety and fear can cause ?

Question 104-31 : Hyperventilation hypoxia spatial disorientation hypoglycaemia

exemple 324 hyperventilation.hyperventilation.

One of the first effects to be noticed on gradual exposure to high positive ?

Question 104-32 : Grey out loss of consciousness black out red vision

exemple 328 grey-out.grey-out.

The first stage in the information process is ?

Question 104-33 : Sensory stimulation perception selective attention the recognition of information

.sensory stimulation is the first stage in the information process and the basis of perception is the intensity of the stimulus exemple 332 sensory stimulation.sensory stimulation.

To prevent vertigo in flight we should ?

Question 104-34 : Not move the head suddenly while we are turning look towards the sides when we make a turn breath deeply but control the respiratory frequency keep breathing normally

exemple 336 not move the head suddenly while we are turning.not move the head suddenly while we are turning.

When flying at night the first sense to be affected by a slight degree of ?

Question 104-35 : Vision cochlea sense of balance proprioceptive sensitivity

exemple 340 vision.vision.

The carcinogen a substance with the ability to produce modifications in cells ?

Question 104-36 : Tar nicotine carbon monoxide lead

exemple 344 tar.tar.

One of the substances present in the smoke of cigarettes can make it ?

Question 104-37 : Carbon monoxide carbonic anhydride tar carbon dioxide

exemple 348 carbon monoxide.carbon monoxide.

The group of tiny bones the hammer anvil and stirrup are situated in ?

Question 104-38 : The middle ear the inner ear the outer ear the maxillary sinus

exemple 352 the middle ear.the middle ear.

The semicircular canals form part of the ?

Question 104-39 : Inner ear middle ear ear drum external ear

exemple 356 inner ear.inner ear.

The coriolis effect in spatial disorientation occurs as a result of ?

Question 104-40 : Simultaneous stimulation of several semicircular canals stimulation of the saccule and the utricle otoliths of the inner ear on stimulating the cochlea intensely absence of semicircular canal stimulation

.coriolis illusion effect the illusion of rotation or movement in an entirely different axis caused by an abrupt head movement while in a prolonged constant rate turn that has ceased to stimulate the brain s motion sensing system this involves the simultaneous stimulation of two semicircular canals and is associated with a sudden tilting forward or backwards of the pilot's head while the aircraft is turning this can occur when tilting the head down to look at an approach chart or to write on the knee pad or up to look at an overhead instrument or switch or sideways this can produce an overpowering sensation that the aircraft is rolling pitching and yawing all at the same time which can be compared with the sensation of rolling down a hillside this illusion can make the pilot quickly become disoriented and lose control of the aircraft exemple 360 simultaneous stimulation of several semicircular canals.simultaneous stimulation of several semicircular canals.

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